27 variables, although investigation of more than two variables is common.” p. 328.
Along with this perspective, this research aims to find out whether there is a significant relationship between metacognitive learning strategies
and students‟ writing skills in class 8A of SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta.
This research consists of one independent variable and one dependent variable. The independent variable is metacognitive learning strategies and the
dependent variable is students‟ writing skills. The independent variable which is symbolised as “X” is estimated to give contribution to the dependent variable
which is symbolised as “Y”, which is the outcome.
Figure 3.1 Research Design
Notes: X
: Metacognitive Learning Strategies Y
: Students‟ Writing Skills : Correlation of X and Y
B. Research Setting
This research is conducted in SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta and it is located in Jl. Mas Soeharto No. 48, Yogyakarta. The observation of this research was
conducted during the researcher‟s teaching practice. This research was conducted from November 18
th
– December 3
rd
, 2015 and continued on April 7
th
, 2016. There are 12 classes in SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta and each grade consists of
four classes. Every class learn English, from the seventh grade up to the ninth grade. There are 326 students in this school and the number of all eighth grade
students is 126 students. X
Y PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
28
C. Research Participants Subjects
In this section, the researcher presents the research participants. This section consists of two parts. The first part presents the population of the research.
The second part presents the sample of the research.
1. Population
In conducting research, the researcher always requires one or more groups of subjects to obtain the representative of the groups of subjects that are
equivalent to one another and it is called population. Furthermore, Sprinthall 1991, p. 27 has described the meaning of population as the entire group of
persons, things, or events that share at least one common trait. It means that population is something that can be used as subjects in taking the source of the
data in the research. The population of this research is the eighth grade students of SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta in the 20152016 academic year. The number of all
eighth grade students of SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta is 124 students. The distribution of each class is shown in the table below.
Table 3.1 the Number of Eighth Grade Students of SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta
Class Male
Female Total
8 A 14
16 30
8 B 16
16 32
8 C 16
15 31
8 D 17
14 31
TOTAL 63
61 124
2. Sample
According to Sprinthall, Schmutte and Sirois 1991, p. 28, “a sample is a smaller number of observations taken from the total number making up a given
29 population.” Since the population is too large to be studied, the researcher can use
sample which is taken from the population. According to Creswell 2005, there are two types of quantitative sampling strategies, namely probability sampling and
nonprobability sampling. Probability sampling consists of simple random sampling, stratified sampling and multistage cluster sampling while
nonprobability sampling consists of convenience sampling and snowball sampling Creswell, 2005.
In this research, the researcher used probability sampling and the technique which is used to select the sample is by using simple random sampling. According
to Creswell 2005, probability sampling is used as representative of the sample in order to generalize the population. Besides, the researcher used random sampling
because “random sampling demands that each member must have an equal chance
of being excluded and that no member of the population may be systematically excluded
.” Sprinthall, 1991, p. 28. The researcher chose one class which was become the representative as the sample of this research, which is class 8A of
SMP BOPKRI 1 Yogyakarta. The researcher only chose one class because class 8A shared the major population characteristics. There are 30 students in class 8A
which will be used as the sample in this research.
Figure 3.2 Populations and Sample
Target Population
sample sample
