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effective learning on the target area can be undertaken. Finally, the question of which type of correction will facilitate a useful writing
exercise is of utmost importance. Here the teacher needs to once again think about the overall target area of the exercise. If there is an
immediate task at hand, such as taking a test, perhaps teacher guided correction is the most effective solution. However, if the task is more
general for example developing informal letter writing skills, maybe the best approach would be to have the students work in
groups thereby learning from each other. Most importantly, by choosing the correct means of correction the teacher can encourage
rather discourage students. Kenneth, Beare. Teaching Writing Skills; retrieved from
http:www.about.com .
d. Types of Writing
There are several factual written genres. Some of them are description, recount, report, procedure, explanation, exposition, and
discussion. Following are the generic structure and significant language features of those genres.
a. Description genre
Social function: to describe people, things, place, and animals
specifically.
Generic schematic structure: identification, description give
information about feature of objects.
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Language features: specific nouns e.g. father, school, my dog,
etc., simple present tense, detailed noun phrase, adjective about describing, numbering, classifying, relational process, figurative
language.
b. Recount genre
Social function: to retell events for the purpose of informing or
entertaining. Events are usually arranged in a temporal sequence, e.g. a personal letter.
Generic Schematic structure: orientation, events, re-
orientation optional element.
Language features: focus on individual participants, use of past
tense, focus on a temporal sequence of events, use of material or action clauses and processes.
c. Report genre
Social function:
factual text which describes the way things are, with reference to a whole range of phenomena, natural, cultural,
and social in our environment.
Generic Schematic structure: general classification can
include optional technical classification, description parts and their functions, qualities, habits behaviors or ‘uses’ if non-
natural.
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Language features: focus on generic patricipants group of
things, use of simple present tense unless extinct, no temporal sequence, use of ‘being’ and ‘having’ clause.
d. Procedure genre
Social function:
factual text designed to describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps.
Generic schematic structure: goal, steps 1 – n ie. Goal
followed by a series of steps oriented to achieving the goal
Language features: focus on generalized human agents, use of
simple present tense plus sometimes imperative, use of mainly temporal conjunctive relations, use of mainly material action
clauses.
e. Explanation genre
