C. Operational Definition of Variable
The operational of variable is to describe the character of the variable that investigated by the writer to collect the data and information. The writer explain
the definitions as follows: 1. The students’ descriptive paragraph writing ability is the ability of the
students to produce or compose a descriptive paragraph that describes the characteristics of an object; it can be a person, a place or thing, which fulfills
such criteria of a good writing, as content, organization, vocabulary, language, and mechanics.
2. Concept mapping is a good way for students to understand and remember
new information; moreover, the students can describe the concept of the knowledge that is represented by diagrams or drawings. Students will
combine the existing knowledge with the new knowledge, becomes an existing knowledge structure. This is why a picture or a diagram can be more
effective than only words. Therefore, concepts mapping technique can be used as a tool to facilitate writing.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique 1. Population
Population is all subject of the research.
4
A population is a set or collection of all elements processing one or more attributes of interest.
5
So, The population of this
research is the students at Tenth grade SMAN 2 Liwa
. The number of the students is 229 students from three classes available, the following table shows
the number of the population:
Table 3.2 The Number of
The Students at Tenth Grade SMAN 2 Liwa No.
Class Gender
Total Male
Female
1. XI
12 18
30 2.
X2 15
19 34
3. X3
10 22
32 4.
X4 10
25 35
5. X5
15 20
35 6.
X6 12
20 32
7. X7
11 20
31
Total 85
144 229
Source: the students at tenth grade SMAN 2 Liwa
2. Sample of the Research
Arikunto says that sample is the part of population which was investigated.
6
So, the writer took two classes out of the sample in this research. The writer chose
two classes one class as experimental class and the other class as control class.
4
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedure Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktis, Jakarta, Rineka Cipta, 2006, p.130.
5
Ibid
6
Ibid
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