Research Instrument RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3. Selecting the material that will given The writer selected the materials that suitable for the students. For example, the writer selected the descriptive paragraph that easier to understand by the students. 4. Giving the treatment, the writer will teach the class The writer was given the treatment in three meetings. In the treatment, the writer as a teacher was taught by using concept mapping. The writer was given the explanation about descriptive paragraph. For instance, the general structure of descriptive paragraph, the example descriptive paragraph, and the writer also was given explanation about the concept mapping technique. After that, the students can write descriptive paragraph based on the concept mapping technique by students group. 5. Giving the pre-test, post test and score the result. The writer is conducted the pre-test before the treatment. The writer preparing a kind of test called pre-test that was given to the students. Then, The writer was conducted the post-test after the treatment. By giving post-test, the writer knew the students’ improvement in their writing ability in descriptive paragraph or not. This test is aimed to know the students’ descriptive paragraph writing ability after giving the treatment. In this test, the students was given some of the topics. Then, the students make the descriptive paragraph related to the topics. 6. Analyzing the result of the test The writer was analyzed the data to find out whether technique used is effective or not.

H. Scoring Procedure

In give score to the students’ writing task, the writer applies scoring system propose by Tribble 8 . There are five aspects that were score, as can be seen in table 3: Table 3.3 Scoring System Area Score Descriptor Task fulfillmentcontent 20-17 Excellent to very good: excellent to very good treatment of the subject, considerable variety of ideas or argument; independent and through interpretation of the topic; content relevan to the topic;accurate detail. 16-12 Good to average : adequate treatment of topic, some variety of ideas or argument; some independence of interpretation of the topic; most content relevant to the topic; reasonably accurate detail. 11-8 Fair to poor: treatment of the topic is hardly adequate, little variety of ideas or argument; some irrelevant content to the topic;lacking detail. 7-5 Very poor: inadequate treatment of topic, no 8 Christopher Tribble, Writing, Oxford University Press, 1996, p.130.