3. Sampling Technique
In taking sample, the writer used Cluster Random Sampling. Hadi states, in cluster random sampling, the samples are not taken from individual, but based on the
group of the individual.
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It means that the writer used cluster random sampling because the population in groups and homogeneous and ramdom the class. Based
on the Hadi’s idea above, the writer used two classes as groups, the first is class is experimental class and the second class is a control class as follow:
a. The first, the writer provided four pieces of small paper, each paper is contained the name of 7 classes.
b. The second, the writer rolled and put into a box. c. The third, the box was shaken.
d. After that, the writer chose two pieces of the paper randomly. e. Then, the first paper was experimental class, and the second paper was as
control class.
E. Data Collecting Technique
To collect the data the writer was used writing test. The test consists of pre test, post test. The test was used to know the students ability in writing descriptive
paragraph. The teacher asks students to make a descriptive paragraph.
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Sutrisno Hadi, Metodelogi Research. Yogyakarta, 2004, p.94.
1. Pre test, it was given before the treatments. The test do by asking the students to write their descriptive paragraph based on the title that are provided. The scoring
based on the appropriate of steps; content, organization, vocabulary language, and mechanic. The result of this test written in the scoring column on the paper.
Example about the test is the students make descriptive used the topic about B.J Habibie.
2. Post test, it was done to know the students’ descriptive paragraph writing ability after they are taught by using Concept Mapping. The system and degree of
difficulty of post test same as pre test, so, both of them used to measure the students’ descriptive paragraph writing ability in order to know the development
of students’ descriptive paragraph writing ability after Concept Mapping is applied.
F. Research Instrument
The research instrument in this research used writing test, they were pre-test and post-test. The instrument of pre-test and post-test was to write descriptive
paragraph. In this case, the students made a descriptive paragraph and 60 minutes for time allocation. The paragraph was in present tense form and the writer was
given some topics that must be chose by students. Each student will choose one topic and write a descriptive paragraph in each test.
The topics are : a. Pre test instrument
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