Data Collecting Instruments Time of the Research
1. Planning of the action
In this phase the researcher identified problems or issues and developed a plan of action in order to bring improvements in a specific
area of the research context. After finding the problem in class VIII E through observation, interview and discussion, the researcher planned
the action to solve the problem. The researcher reviewed some theories of writing and methods in teaching writing. Based on the
considerations above, the researcher chose to use a writing process method
to improve the students’ writing skill. 2.
Implementing of the action Based on the problem selected from the reconnaissance, the
researcher made a plan of action to solve the problem about the lack of writing ability for the class VIII E students of SMP N 15 Yogyakarta.
In this case, the researcher used a writing process method to solve the problem mentioned. Before implementing the action, the researcher
conducted the test to measure the students’ ability in writing a recount text. The researcher conducted the research in two cycles consisting of
three meeting for each cycle. In the first cycle and second cycle the researcher applied the writing process method, started from pre-
writing, drafting, sharing, revising, editing, publishing, and assessing. The results of the students’ writing were compared to see the
improvement.
3. Observing of the action
This phase involved the researcher in observing systematically the effect of the action and documenting the context, actions and opinions
of those involved. The researcher conducted a direct observation in the classroom. Field note was used here to note down some activity in the
classroom before, during and after the research. Besides that, the researcher also did the interview to the students and took pictures to be
the supporting data. 4.
Making analysis Reflection The researcher analyzed the data qualitative and quantitatively and
give reflection for the action research. The researcher evaluated the research process and described what has happened whether the
research has positive or negative effect to the students.
Figure 1. Cyclical action research model based on Kemmis and McTaggart 1988