AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE AND MESSAGE ON THE SONG “HEAL THE WORLD” SUNG BY MICHAEL JACKSON

AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE AND MESSAGE ON THE SONG “HEAL THE WORLD”

SUNG BY MICHAEL JACKSON

THESIS

BY:

SHINTA AMBARSARI 06360084

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TECHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE AND MESSAGE ON THE SONG “HEAL THE WORLD”

SUNG BY MICHAEL JACKSON

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

BY:

SHINTA AMBARSARI 06360084

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

This thesis written by SHINTA AMBARSARI was approved on May, 2012.

This thesis was defended in front of examiners of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

on May, 2012

Approved by :

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO

DO THE BEST TO GET THE BEST

Dedication

I dedicated this thesis to: My beloved parents (Nanik Ningsih and Suhadi) My lovely brother and sister (Hera, Putri, Atok, Agung and Wanto) My beloved boyfriend “Deny” My best friend, in Nature Lover Organization “DIMPA”

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The writer thanks and grateful to Allah SWT the almighty who blesses her by His mercy and loves so that she is able to finish this thesis. She also wants to convey sholawat and greeting to her greatest prophet Muhammad SAW who has changed the cultures and customs of the human to bettter and better.

First of all, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Dr. Masduki, M. Pd, her first advisor and Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M.Hum, her second advisor, for their suggestion, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period, and their comments and corrections during the completion of this thesis.

She also thanks to her beloved parents ( Bpk. Suhadi dan Ibu Nanik Ningsih) who have given their great sacrifice as much as possible to her. Her brothers and sisters (Hera, Putri, Wanto, Agung dan Antok). Her friends (Irul, Wiwid, Aik, Ani, Raqo, and Maad) and her lovely boyfriend ( Mas.Deni) who always give support, love, and motivation to her in finishing this thesis.

Her appresiation and gratitude are also presented to Nature Lover

organization “DIMPA” which has given her many knowledge, wonderful experience

and give her many beautiful moment to her life. And for all the DIMPA members thank’s for your smile, motivation, togetherness, love and your support.

The writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect but she hopes suggestions and useful revision to improve this thesis.

Finally, the writer hopes that this thesis will be useful for the readers. In deeply, she also hopes that this study can give a wide perspective to increase our live language, especially in English. Therefore she will be happy if there are other readers who are interested in this study.

Malang, May, 2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL………. i

LEGALIZATION……….. ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION………. iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS……… iv

ABSTRACT……….. vi

TABLE OF CONTENT………. vii

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study………... 1

1.2 Problem of the Study………... 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study………... 3

1.4 Significance of the Study………... 3

1.5 Scope and Limitation………... 4

1.6 Definition of Key Terms………... 4

CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Literature………... 6

2.2 Poem ………... 7

2.3 The Types of Poem……… 8

2.4 The Meaning………... 9

2.5 The Element of Poem... 10

2.5.1 Diction... 10

2.5.2 Imagery... 11

2.5.3 Figurative Language………... 11

2.5.3.1 Metaphor………... 12

2.5.3.3 Personification ……… 14

2.5.3.4 Synecdoche ………... 15

2.5.3.5 Metonymy ……….. 15

2.5.3.6 Hyperbole ………... 16

2.5.3.7 Paradox ……… 16

2.5.3.8 Symbol ……… 17

2.5.3.9 Allegory ………... 17

2.5.3.10 Irony ………... 17

2.6 Message ………... 18

2.7 Kind of Message ……….... 19

2.7.1 Religious Message ………. 19

2.7.2 Social Message …..………. 19

2.7.3 Moral Message …..………. 19

CHAPTER III : METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design………... 20

3.2 Approach ………... 21

3.3 Source of Data ………... 22

3.4 The Research Instrumental ………... 23

3.5 Data Collection... 23

3.6 Data Analysis... 24

CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Finding………... 25

4.1.1 The Kinds of Figurative Language... 25

4.1.2 The Message of “Heal the World” lyrics... 31

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion………... 36

5.2 Suggestion………... 38

BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX I APPENDIX II

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abrams. 1985. A Glossary of Literary Terms (Sixth Edition). U.S: Cornell University Alexander, LG. 1973. Poetry and prose Association. England: Longman Group Ltd Ary, Donald, Et. Al. 2002. Intoduction to Research in education (6 thedition). New

york: Wadsworth group.

Colomb, Booth, William. 1995. The Reasearch Process in Educational Setting: Teen Case. New York: Monarch Press

Echols,M. Shadily, Hasan. 1989. An Indonesian- English Dictionary. Jakarta: Gramedia.

Echols, M. Shadily, Hasan. 1976. An English- Indonesian dictionary. Jakarta: Gramedia.

Furchan, Arief. 1979. Penelitian Dalam Pendidikan. Surabaya:Usaha Nasional

Hornby, AS. 1966. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English. New York: Oxford University Press

Jones, Jr. Edward. H 1968. Outline of literature. New york. Macmillan Company Kennedy, XJ. 1983. Literature An Introduction to Fiction Drama and Poetry. Boston: Litle Brown and Company

Koesnobroto. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta. Proyek Pengembangan Lembaga Pendidikan.

Mayer, Michael. 1990. The Bedford introduction to Literature. Boston: 2rd Edition

Bedfrod Books of ST Martini’s Press

Macmillan, Literature Series. 1984. Appreciating Literature. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York

Macmillan, Literature Series. 1987. Understanding Literature. Macmillan Publishing. Mission Hills. California.

Mcmillan, H. James, Sally Schumacher. 1993. Research in Education: 3rd Edition.

New York; Harper Collins College Publisher

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 1995. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press

Tarigan, Henry Guntur. 1985. Pengajaran Gaya Bahasa. PT. Angkasa: Bandung Thomas, R. Arp, Johnson, Greg. 1994. Literature, Structure, Sound, and Sense: 3rd

Edition. U.S.A: Harcout, Brace and World Inc

Waluyo, Herman. 1987. Teori dan Apresiasi Puisi. Yakarta: Erlangga.

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer present background of the study, problem of the study, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of key terms.

1.1 Background of Study

Language is very important thing to our life because language has strong influence in the society relationship. Language is one important

thing of communication and language can express speaker‟s ideas,

feeling, emotion, and suggestion. Literature is a part of language and language is tool for communication. Therefore, literature cannot be separated from language. Literature is simple another way we can experience the world around us trough our imagination (Jones, 1968). Literature not only provides pleasure for the reader but also gives something more important to understand life.

Koesnoesoebroto mentions two kinds of literature. They are the

literature of knowledge and the literature of imagination (1988:2). The literature of knowledge presents or interprets facts, ideas or happenings. Literature ofimaginationinterprets experience by a fictitious presentation of person, ideas, and events. The creative writer is not only primarily

concerned with the actual truth of particular events but also their imagination.

A song is one example of literature of imagination. According to

Hornby, “Song is a short poem or number of verses set of music and

intended to be sung by singer. Song is one of literary works that has the purpose for entertainment, enjoyment and information. Song is a media to express the imagination, ideas, felling and message to the readers. In many songs commonly uses figurative language and usually contains beautiful words. So, figurative language is part of composer style. It means that the author will be expressing the message using by using words that need interpretation.

There are some studies related with this study. In 2007, Lutfiani conducted the research about the message of Kelly Clarkson‟s song lyric

“Breakway”. In 2005, Hardiansyah studied the figurative language used

on Creed album “Weathered”.

Based on statement above, the writer on this thesis is interested in analyzing the figurative language in English song. The writer chooses

“Heal the World” sung by Michael Jackson as the subject of the research

because the song tells about human life in the world. Michael Jackson is an American pop singer and songwriter. In this case, the writer aims to find the figurative language of “Heal the World” by Michael Jackson and the message behind the song. Therefore, in this thesis the writer chooses

the title of thesis “an analysis of figurative language and message on the

song of „Heal the World‟sung by Michael Jackson”.

1.2 Statement of Problem

According to the background of study above, the writer formulates problems to be investigated as follow:

1. What are the kinds of figurative language used in “Heal the Word”

sung by Michael Jackson?

2. What are the messages of “Heal the World” sung by Michael Jackson?

1.3 Purpose of the Study

Related with statement problems above, this study intended to description of:

1. To know the figurative language in “Heal the Word” song by

Michael Jackson

2. To know the message from “Heal the Word” song by Michael

Jackson?

1.4 Significance of the Study

The writer hopes this study give contribution and useful for the students at English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Malang. Theoretically, this study is expressed to develop and give description

about figurative language used by the authors in song. The result of the study can be used as reference to the future researchers who are interested in conducting similar study. Finally, it is hoped to give information to the readers and helps them in analysis the song.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The writer realizes that it is necessary to limit and scope this research it so that the study can be more focused. The scope of this research is on Heal the World Song by Michael Jackson, and limits is on figurative language and message from Heal the Word” song by Michael Jackson.

1.6 Definition of Key Terms

The following definitions are important to make the readers to have the same understanding for some terms used in the research. The key definitions are as follows:

a. Figurative Language is a language which employs several of speech, it relates something with something else in order to raise an effect and get a certain connotation. Figurative language used not the ordinary literal sense but in an imaginative way.

b. Message is ideas or purpose that will delivered by the author to the readers about the meaning of literary work through a story. (Nurgiyantoro, 1995: 32).

c. Song: - short piece of music with words to be sung (Hornby. As, 1995: 1133)

- Composed for singing

d. Michael Jackson (born on August 29, 1958) is an American pop singer and songwriter, he received 13 Grammy Awards and he was very famous as King of Pop.

x

Mayer, Michael. 1990. The Bedford introduction to Literature. Boston: 2rd Edition Bedfrod Books of ST Martini’s Press

Macmillan, Literature Series. 1984. Appreciating Literature. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York

Macmillan, Literature Series. 1987. Understanding Literature. Macmillan Publishing. Mission Hills. California.

Mcmillan, H. James, Sally Schumacher. 1993. Research in Education: 3rd Edition. New York; Harper Collins College Publisher

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 1995. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press

Tarigan, Henry Guntur. 1985. Pengajaran Gaya Bahasa. PT. Angkasa: Bandung Thomas, R. Arp, Johnson, Greg. 1994. Literature, Structure, Sound, and Sense: 3rd

Edition. U.S.A: Harcout, Brace and World Inc

Waluyo, Herman. 1987. Teori dan Apresiasi Puisi. Yakarta: Erlangga.

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer present background of the study, problem of the study, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of key terms.

1.1 Background of Study

Language is very important thing to our life because language has strong influence in the society relationship. Language is one important thing of communication and language can express speaker‟s ideas, feeling, emotion, and suggestion. Literature is a part of language and language is tool for communication. Therefore, literature cannot be separated from language. Literature is simple another way we can experience the world around us trough our imagination (Jones, 1968). Literature not only provides pleasure for the reader but also gives something more important to understand life.

Koesnoesoebroto mentions two kinds of literature. They are the literature of knowledge and the literature of imagination (1988:2). The literature of knowledge presents or interprets facts, ideas or happenings. Literature of imagination interprets experience by a fictitious presentation of person, ideas, and events. The creative writer is not only primarily

concerned with the actual truth of particular events but also their imagination.

A song is one example of literature of imagination. According to Hornby, “Song is a short poem or number of verses set of music and intended to be sung by singer. Song is one of literary works that has the purpose for entertainment, enjoyment and information. Song is a media to express the imagination, ideas, felling and message to the readers. In many songs commonly uses figurative language and usually contains beautiful words. So, figurative language is part of composer style. It means that the author will be expressing the message using by using words that need interpretation.

There are some studies related with this study. In 2007, Lutfiani conducted the research about the message of Kelly Clarkson‟s song lyric “Breakway”. In 2005, Hardiansyah studied the figurative language used on Creed album “Weathered”.

Based on statement above, the writer on this thesis is interested in analyzing the figurative language in English song. The writer chooses “Heal the World” sung by Michael Jackson as the subject of the research because the song tells about human life in the world. Michael Jackson is an American pop singer and songwriter. In this case, the writer aims to find the figurative language of “Heal the World” by Michael Jackson and the message behind the song. Therefore, in this thesis the writer chooses

the title of thesis “an analysis of figurative language and message on the song of „Heal the World‟sung by Michael Jackson”.

1.2 Statement of Problem

According to the background of study above, the writer formulates problems to be investigated as follow:

1. What are the kinds of figurative language used in “Heal the Word” sung by Michael Jackson?

2. What are the messages of “Heal the World” sung by Michael Jackson?

1.3 Purpose of the Study

Related with statement problems above, this study intended to description of:

1. To know the figurative language in “Heal the Word” song by Michael Jackson

2. To know the message from “Heal the Word” song by Michael Jackson?

1.4 Significance of the Study

The writer hopes this study give contribution and useful for the students at English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Malang. Theoretically, this study is expressed to develop and give description

about figurative language used by the authors in song. The result of the study can be used as reference to the future researchers who are interested in conducting similar study. Finally, it is hoped to give information to the readers and helps them in analysis the song.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The writer realizes that it is necessary to limit and scope this research it so that the study can be more focused. The scope of this research is on Heal the World Song by Michael Jackson, and limits is on figurative language and message from Heal the Word” song by Michael Jackson.

1.6 Definition of Key Terms

The following definitions are important to make the readers to have the same understanding for some terms used in the research. The key definitions are as follows:

a. Figurative Language is a language which employs several of speech, it relates something with something else in order to raise an effect and get a certain connotation. Figurative language used not the ordinary literal sense but in an imaginative way.

b. Message is ideas or purpose that will delivered by the author to the readers about the meaning of literary work through a story. (Nurgiyantoro, 1995: 32).

c. Song: - short piece of music with words to be sung (Hornby. As, 1995: 1133)

- Composed for singing

d. Michael Jackson (born on August 29, 1958) is an American pop singer and songwriter, he received 13 Grammy Awards and he was very famous as King of Pop.