Form of Product, Preliminary Field Testing, Main Product Revision, Main Field Testing, Operational Product Revision, Operational Field Testing, Final Product
Revision and Dissemination and Implementation. Borg and Gall, 1983: 775 Concerning with the two focuses on the study as mentioned previously,
there were only five steps of R D cycle used in his study. Step one to five were used to answer the two study questions. The steps were Research and Information
Collecting, Planning, Develop Preliminary Form of Product, Preliminary Field Testing, and Main product Revision. The descriptions of each step are as follows:
1. Research and Information Collecting
The writer employed the first step of R D cycle, which is, Research and Information Collecting. This step was used to describe the educational product
that was to be developed as specifically as possible. In this step, the writer collected the data from the tenth grade students and English teachers in SMA
Stella Duce I Yogyakarta. In this study, an interview was conducted in order to find out the teaching
learning activities used in reading from one of the tenth grade English teachers. Furthermore, the writer also distributed Research and Information Collecting
questionnaires to the tenth grade students in SMA Stella Duce I Yogyakarta in order to figure out their interests, abilities, and problems concerning to the English
reading skill. Review of literature was used to collect research findings and other information related to the planned development. Data and information were
gathered from the journals, the curriculum 2006 and the educational books.
2. Planning
In this study, planning included defining skills, stating objectives, and determining course sequence. According to Borg and Gall 1983: 779, the most
important aspect in planning is the statement of the specific objectives to be achieved by the product. Furthermore, objectives offered the basis of developing
an instructional program since the program could be field tested and revised until it met its objectives. The data gathered from research and information collecting
was used to determine the objectives and subject contents of the designed materials. Moreover, these data would be used to state the syllabus.
3. Develop Preliminary Form of Product
In this study, development of the preliminary form of the product included the preparation of reading instructional materials based on reciprocal teaching
strategy, handbooks and evaluation devices. The data gathered from research and information collecting was used as a starting point to design the reading materials
in order to create appropriate instructional reading materials based on reciprocal teaching strategy for the tenth grade students in SMA Stella Duce I Yogyakarta.
Borg and Gall 1983: 781 stated that the significant principle in developing preliminary form of product was to construct materials so as to permit
obtaining as much as possible from the next step, the field test. Then, the feedback was used to evaluate and revise the material design.
4. Preliminary Field Testing
