Table 4.4 Normality of the Pre-test
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
PreScoreExp PreScoreCont
N 39
39 Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean 74.36
69.62 Std. Deviation
9.402 9.893
Most Extreme Differences Absolute
.194 .157
Positive .129
.096 Negative
-.194 -.157
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z 1.211
.978 Asymp. Sig. 2-tailed
.107 .295
a. Test distribution is Normal. b. Calculated from data.
The normality test above used One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Table 4.4 shows that the absolute difference D of experimental class data was
0.194. It is smaller than D
table
with the closest Kolmogorov-Smirnov critical points of 40 with degree of significance = 0.05 which is 0.210, in other words, D
experiment
D
table
0.194 0.210. Meanwhile, the absolute difference D of control class data was 0.157, which is smaller than D
table
with the closest Kolmogorov-Smirnov critical points of 40 with degree of significance = 0.05 which is 0.210, in other
words, D
experiment
D
table
0.157 0.210. The table also shows that the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
experiment
was recorded at 1.211 which is bigger than Z
table
of 0.05 or p 0.05 and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
control
was recorded at 0.978 which is bigger than Z
table
of 0.05 or p 0.05. It showed that there is no difference between the theoretical distribution and the empirical distribution which means
that the data from the experimental class and control class was normal.
b. Normality of the Post-test
The test of normality distribution of the post-test data was analyzed by the use of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The result of the test
can be seen as follows:
Table 4.5 Normality of the Post-test
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
PostScoreExp PostScoreCont
N 39
39 Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean 79.10
73.85 Std. Deviation
7.059 9.898
Most Extreme Differences Absolute
.178 .144
Positive .142
.104 Negative
-.178 -.144
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z 1.112
.897 Asymp. Sig. 2-tailed
.169 .397
a. Test distribution is Normal. b. Calculated from data.
From the Table 4.5 it can be seen that the absolute difference D of experimental class data was 0.178 and the absolute difference D of control class
data was 0.144. The absolute difference D of experimental class was smaller than the D
table
with the closest Kolmogorov-Smirnov critical points of 40 at the degree of significant 0.05 = 0.210 or D
experimental
D
table
0.178 0.210. Meanwhile, the absolute difference D of control class was also smaller than
D
table
with the closest Kolmogorov-Smirnov critical points of 40 at the degree of significant 0.05 = 0.210 or D
control
D
table
0.144 0.210. The Kolmogorov- Smirnov Z score in table 4.5 above was used as the parameter to determine
whether the data is normal or not. The experimental class Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z score was 1.112 which is bigger than Z
table
of 0.05 or p 0.05. Then again, the control class Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z score was also bigger than Z
table
in the point 0.897 or p 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the data from both classes in
the post test was normal.
c. Homogeneity of the Pre-test
The analysis of the homogeneity variances of both groups in the pre-test was done by employing Levene’s statistic test in IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Here are
the results of the calculation:
Table 4.6 Homogeneity of the Pre-test
Test of Homogeneity of Variance
Levene Statistic df1
df2 Sig.
PreScore Based on Mean
.090 1
76 .764
Based on Median .133
1 76
.716 Based on Median and with
adjusted df .133
1 75.971
.716 Based on trimmed mean
.155 1
76 .695
Table 4.6 shows that the degree of significance based on the mean in the pre-test was 0.764, which is bigger than 0.05. There
f
ore, it can be concluded that both groups in the pre-test are homogenous.
d. Homogeneity of the Post-test
The analysis of the homogeneity variances of both groups in the post-test was done by employing Levene’s statistic test in IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Here are
the results of the calculation:
Table 4.7 Homogeneity of the Post-test
Test of Homogeneity of Variance
Levene Statistic df1
df2 Sig.
PostScore Based on Mean
2.384 1
76 .127
Based on Median 2.324
1 76
.132 Based on Median and with
adjusted df 2.324
1 74.317
.132 Based on trimmed mean
2.393 1
76 .126
From the result of homogeneity test in the Table 4.7, it can be seen that the degree of significance based on mean was 0.127 which is bigger than 0.05.
Therefore, it can be concluded that both groups in the pre-test are homogenous.
