text and incorporate their own meanings and understandings with those of the writer.
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Literary text includes stories, movie script, poem, fairy tales, novels, song lyrics, soap opera, and so on. Literary texts are constructed to appeal our
emotion and imagination. Mainly, there are three types of literary text, which are narrative, poetry, and dramatic.
On the other hand, factual text is a text that used to instruct or persuade readers by giving facts and information. Factual texts deal with the exchange of
knowledge in all of the learning areas.
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Factual text included advertisement, announcement, debates, recipes, instructions, and so forth. The main text types in
the factual text category are factual descriptions, information reports, factual recounts, explanations, expositions, procedures, and discussion.
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c. Concept of Exposition Text
Exposition text is a factual type of written discourse that is used to explain, describe, give information or inform. As stated by McCormack and Pasquarelli,
an exposition text is a text that provides facts, gives true information, explains, informs, persuades, andor describes various topics and phenomena.
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The topic of exposition text can be most anything, from a particular event or person to a
scientific theory or political ideology. Moreover, an exposition is a well-structured argument or persuasion. The
point of view must be supported by facts and relevant information on that topic. An exposition needs to clearly state the point of view, use research to support that
view, address other points of view, and defend that point of view from others. Newspaper editorials, letters to the editor, political speeches, advertisements, and
debates are the examples of exposition text. The purpose of an exposition essay is to express and explain the reasons
for the writer opinion about certain case. It is in line with Anderson and Anderson
14
Ibid., p. 30.
15
ibid.
16
Gordon Winch, Primary Grammar Dictionary, Sydney: New Frontier Publishing, 2003, p. 17.
17
Rachel L. McCormack and Susan Lee Pasquarelli, Teaching Reading: Strategies and Resources for Grades K-6, New York: Guilford Press, 2010, p. 133.
statement in their book that states, the purpose of an exposition is to persuade the reader or listener by presenting one side of an argument, that is, the case ‘for’ or
the case ‘against’.
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d. Characteristics of Exposition Text
