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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Place and Time of the Study
This research is carried out for 5 five months started from December 2013 to April 2014. Meanwhile, the on school study was conducted on 29 January
2014 to 20 February 2014. The research took place in SMAN 34 Jakarta that located at Jl. Margasatwa Raya no. I Pondok Labu, Cilandak, South Jakarta, The
first meeting was the meeting for the pre-test, the second, third, fourth, and fifth meeting was the meeting for the treatment, and the sixth meeting was the meeting
for the post-test.
Table 3.1 The Time Allocation for the Research
no. Date
Activity Description
1 29 January 2014
Pre test The pre-test is given to the
student 2
30 January 2014 First Treatment
The controlled lass is taught by using inappropriate technique and
the experimental class is taught by using Jigsaw Technique
3 5 February 2014
Second Treatment
The controlled lass is taught by using inappropriate technique and
the experimental class is taught by using Jigsaw Technique
4 6 February 2014
Third Treatment The controlled lass is taught by
using inappropriate technique and the experimental class is taught
by using Jigsaw Technique 5
12 February 2014 Fourth
Treatment The controlled lass is taught by
using inappropriate technique and the experimental class is taught
by using Jigsaw Technique 6
13 February 2014 Post-Test
The post-test is given to the
students.
B. Method of Research
This research is categorized as a quasi-experimental which can be described as empirical research that is used to estimate how a target population
can be affected by a causal impact of certain intervention treatment. This quasi- experimental research was done in two classes which are given two different
techniques. These two classes are the experimental class and the control class. In the research, the experimental class was taught by using Jigsaw
technique and controlled class was taught by using the lecturing technique. The research tried to analyze and describe the application of Jigsaw technique and its
effectiveness on students’ ability in reading exposition text at the second year of SMAN 34 Jakarta.
This research was preceded by preliminary study which was aimed to gain data about problems faced by teacher and students in teaching-learning activities.
The observation was conducted during the teaching and learning process on 12
th
– 20
th
March, 2013. The results of the preliminary study were used as basic information in planning the actions to be applied in the research.
C. Population and Sample
The study was conducted in SMAN 34 Jakarta which has 22 classes consisting of 891 students. These 22 classes are arranged into 8 first year classes,
7 second year classes, and 7 third year classes. The population of the study was the second year students of SMAN 34
Jakarta which consist of 160 students from four Natural Science classes and 120 students from three Social Science classes. The sampling strategy to determine the
sample used in this research is purposive cluster sampling. In this case, the XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 3 were chosen as the sample of this research because both of them
are handled by the same English teacher. XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 3 consist of 40 students each, so the total students that is 80 students.
The experiment was done in two classes, in which the class of XI IPA 1 was employed as the experimental class meanwhile XI IPA 3 was employed as the
control class. Only 39 students from each class were taken as the sample for
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