F. The
Data Collection Technique
Technique of collecting data in this research will use qualitative data and quantitative data. The qualitative data consists of observation.
Meanwhile, the quantitative data uses pre-test and post-test.
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Data collection will be gathered are observation sheets, recorded transcript,
collaborator‟s notes, questionnaire, and test.
G.
The Instrument
1. Observation sheets. In this case the writer uses the unstructured
observation to get the information about the real condition in teaching learning activities. The writer makes the observation notes
about situation in the class during the learning activity. 2.
Questionnaire. It contains of five close-ended questions. It is used to explain stud
ents‟ opinion after the application of the game in the learning process. It is collected to support the data.
3. Test. The test used in this study is pre-test and post-test. To know
students‟ existing knowledge of speaking ability, the writer gives oral test to the students. Because the test is oral test, the writer
divided the score into five criteria, which are the scores of Pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension.
H. The Technique of Data Analysis
1. Analyzing the Result of the test
In analyzing the numerical data, first the researcher tries to get the average of students‟ speaking skill per action within one cycle. It is
4
Suharsimi Arikunto, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara,2009, p.127-132
used to know how well students‟ score as a whole on speaking skill. It uses the formula:
5
X = X
= mean n= number of student
n x
= individual Score Second, the researcher tries to get the class percentage which
pass the minimum standard. It will use the formula:
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P = F x 100 P
= The class percentage N
F = Total percentage Score
N = Number of Students
Third, after getting mean of student s‟ score per actions, the
researcher identifies whether or not there might have students‟
improvement score on speaking skill from pre-test and post-test score in cycle 1 and cycle 2. In analyzing that, the writer uses the formula:
7
P = y1-y x 100 P
= Percentage of students‟ improvement Y
y = pre-test result
y1 = post-test 1
P = y2-y x 100
P = Percentage of students‟ improvement
Y y
= pre-test result Y2
= post-test 2
2. Analyzing Students‟ Response
Besides analyzing the result of the test and observing the activity during classroom Action Research, the researcher also uses
questionnaire to analyzing th e students‟ response, the researcher uses
formula:
5
W. James Popham, Educational Statistic, New York, Harper Row Publishers p.21.
6
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: P.T. Raja Grafindo Persada,2008,p.43.
7
David E. Meltzer, The Relationship between mathematics Preparation and Conceptual Learning Gains in Physics: A Possible Hidden Variable in Diagnostic Pretest Scores, lowa:
Department of Physics and Astronomy,2008,p.3.
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