Previous Research THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

express their affection to couples by saying sweet lines that were heard rhyming, like the example below 9 : Mudamandurungko di pahu Tampulsimandulang-dulang, Mudamalungun ho di au, Tatap sirumondang bulang. The translation is: If you go fishing in a pond Cut some tray leaves If you long for me Look at the light of the moon. Pantun can be found in many places as the result of Sriwijaya’s existence in the 8th century and maritime trading from an island to another. Pantun spread widely to the east, north and southwest of Sumatera, bridging malay people to interact with local people. 10 Throughout the archipelago, there are Acehnese, Minangkabau, Javanese, Sundanese, Batak. 11 “The pantun is the most beautiful flower in the garden of the Malay language and literature. A simple form, it is yet capable of romance, humour, and could even carry customary laws which are the unwritten rules of conduct and guidelines for the communities. Many are pithy and wise, parcelled in chosen words, and therefore lend themselves to being easily memorable and often taken back on ships by sailors 9 Fang, Op.Cit. 10 Pantun, http:pantun.usm.mypantuninenglish2.asp , web accessed on December 13 th 2014 at 12.58 AM. 11 Fang, Op.Cit., pg. 445. and traders, sung in the markets and to be spread to the hinterland of the ports. […]” 12 Malay pantun is a part of Malay people throughout the decades. The pantun was created anonymously just like other works of Malay oral tradition such as Gurindam. 13 The oldest malay pantun comes from 400 years ago, although it is still possible if pantun is older than any history recorded and later on, pantun developed over centuries following the trend of each era. 14

C. Translation

Translation is a process of transliterating a text from source language SL to a target language TL. Furthermore Peter Newmark explains: “What is translation? Often, though not by any means always, it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. ” The subject who does translation is referred to as translator, while the product called translation. In translation, it is done based on translator’s interpretation, so there’s no either wrong or correct translation. Translation could be assessed based on standards to see its conformity. The transliteration from source language to target language should fulfill the three functions of language 15 , those are: 12 Pantun, http:pantun.usm.mypantuninenglish2.asp