Kajian penggunaan NaOCl dan kaporit pada pemucatan natrium alginat dari rumput laut cokelat (Sargassus polycystum)
Rihandina Rahmi J. F34102098. Study of Utilization of NaOCl and Calcium
hypochlorite to Produce Sodium Alginate from Brown Seaweed (Surgussum
polycystum). Supervised by Mulyorini Rahayuningsih and M. Yani.
ABSTRACT
Seaweed which is commonly found is mainly from red algae, green algae, and
brown algae. Unfortunately, the utilization of seaweed in Indonesia has not been
deeply explored. One product that can be obtained from seaweed extraction is
alginate. Alginate can be extracted from Alginophyt plant, a group of brown
seaweed (Phaeophyceae). Seaweed from brown algae contains approximately
20% of alginate. This compound is the main component of brown algae's cell
wall and can be commercialized as gel, filler, stabilizer, emulsifier as well as basic
ingredient in food processing, pain industry, pharmacy, and as explosive material.
Sodium alginate is water soluble and has high commodity value. Based on Food
grade and Pharmaceutical grade, degree of whiteness is one of the most important
factors to determine the quality of sodium alginate.
This research was done to bleach sodium alginate from brown seaweed
(Surgassum polycystum), by utilizing Ca(OC1)2 (calcium hypochlorite) and
NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) as bleaching agent. Sodium alginate which was
produced then was compared to internationally standard commercial sodium
alginate and local sodium alginate. Analyses which were done consist of yield,
viscosity, whiteness, percentage of lost drying, ash, and lead.
Main process of extraction of brown seaweed into sodium alginate was
divided into four steps. First step is pre-extraction, the submerged process. This
step was down in two treatments acid and alkali submerged. Second step is
extraction process in alkali condition and extract solution. Third step is bleaching
process, and the rest is cleaning process. The fourth step was divided into three
parts: alginate forming, sodium alginate forming, and pure sodium alginate
withdrawal.
The statistics analysis showed that variation of concentration of bleaching
agent gives significant difference for all parameters. Sodium alginate which was
made from 4% NaOCl and sodium alginate which was made from 0.5 and 1%
Ca(OCl)2 gave the best result. Sodium alginate made from 4% NaOCl gave
yielding 20.64 0.86%, viscosity 13.44 2.77 cP, whiteness 18.91 0.64%,
percentage of lost drying 12.92 0.97%, ash 24.95 i 0.46%, and total lead
4.3 ppm. Meanwhile, sodium alginate which was made from 0.5 and 1% gave
yielding 26.57 i 1.16% and 34.65 0.08% respectively, viscosity 10.00 * 1.02 cP
dan 9.81 1.63 cP, whiteness 14.41 2.25% and 20.09 1.67%, percentage of
lost drying 14.23 0.63 and 12.90 0.61% respectively, ash 26.07 0.08 and
27.09 0.07%, and total lead 4.00 and 3.50 ppm respectively.
Based on financial calculation, sodium alginate made from 0.5 - 1% Ca(OC1)2
costs Rp. 119.1031 1 kg, with selling price of Rp. 343.730kg. This cost was
almost two times lower compared to sodium alginate made from 4% NaOCl
which costs Rp. 133.248/ 1 kg (selling price Rp. 645.579kg).
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hypochlorite to Produce Sodium Alginate from Brown Seaweed (Surgussum
polycystum). Supervised by Mulyorini Rahayuningsih and M. Yani.
ABSTRACT
Seaweed which is commonly found is mainly from red algae, green algae, and
brown algae. Unfortunately, the utilization of seaweed in Indonesia has not been
deeply explored. One product that can be obtained from seaweed extraction is
alginate. Alginate can be extracted from Alginophyt plant, a group of brown
seaweed (Phaeophyceae). Seaweed from brown algae contains approximately
20% of alginate. This compound is the main component of brown algae's cell
wall and can be commercialized as gel, filler, stabilizer, emulsifier as well as basic
ingredient in food processing, pain industry, pharmacy, and as explosive material.
Sodium alginate is water soluble and has high commodity value. Based on Food
grade and Pharmaceutical grade, degree of whiteness is one of the most important
factors to determine the quality of sodium alginate.
This research was done to bleach sodium alginate from brown seaweed
(Surgassum polycystum), by utilizing Ca(OC1)2 (calcium hypochlorite) and
NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) as bleaching agent. Sodium alginate which was
produced then was compared to internationally standard commercial sodium
alginate and local sodium alginate. Analyses which were done consist of yield,
viscosity, whiteness, percentage of lost drying, ash, and lead.
Main process of extraction of brown seaweed into sodium alginate was
divided into four steps. First step is pre-extraction, the submerged process. This
step was down in two treatments acid and alkali submerged. Second step is
extraction process in alkali condition and extract solution. Third step is bleaching
process, and the rest is cleaning process. The fourth step was divided into three
parts: alginate forming, sodium alginate forming, and pure sodium alginate
withdrawal.
The statistics analysis showed that variation of concentration of bleaching
agent gives significant difference for all parameters. Sodium alginate which was
made from 4% NaOCl and sodium alginate which was made from 0.5 and 1%
Ca(OCl)2 gave the best result. Sodium alginate made from 4% NaOCl gave
yielding 20.64 0.86%, viscosity 13.44 2.77 cP, whiteness 18.91 0.64%,
percentage of lost drying 12.92 0.97%, ash 24.95 i 0.46%, and total lead
4.3 ppm. Meanwhile, sodium alginate which was made from 0.5 and 1% gave
yielding 26.57 i 1.16% and 34.65 0.08% respectively, viscosity 10.00 * 1.02 cP
dan 9.81 1.63 cP, whiteness 14.41 2.25% and 20.09 1.67%, percentage of
lost drying 14.23 0.63 and 12.90 0.61% respectively, ash 26.07 0.08 and
27.09 0.07%, and total lead 4.00 and 3.50 ppm respectively.
Based on financial calculation, sodium alginate made from 0.5 - 1% Ca(OC1)2
costs Rp. 119.1031 1 kg, with selling price of Rp. 343.730kg. This cost was
almost two times lower compared to sodium alginate made from 4% NaOCl
which costs Rp. 133.248/ 1 kg (selling price Rp. 645.579kg).
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