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speaking skill. In the activities, the students are involved actively in expressing their ideas, feelings, and opinion to other people.
d. Aspects in speaking
Brown 2001: 406 mentions some aspects of speaking proficiency. Those aspects are pronunciation, vocabulary, fluency, comprehension, and
grammar. Each of them will be elaborated below. a. Pronunciation
Pronunciation is related to the way in which a language is spoken or the manner in which someone utters a word. While speaking, the speaker is
required to pronounce English words correctly Rost, 2002, including in identifying intonation, rhythm, and stress. Moreover, Ur 1998: 53 states that
this identification can be done by requesting imitation, or seeing whether student can distinguish between minimal pairs or by contrasting acceptable
with unacceptable pronunciation through recording or live demonstration. b. Vocabulary
Linse 2005: 121 defines vocabulary as a set of words that are known by that person individually. Then, Cameron 2001: 73 argues that vocabulary
development is not only about learning words but it is also about learning phrases or chunks and finding the meaning of words itself. Therefore English
teacher should prepare strategies in vocabulary learning. There are five strategy proposed by Hatch and Brown 1995: 372 cited in Cameron 2001:
84 as follows: 1 having sources for encountering new words; 2 getting a
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clear image; 3 learning the meaning of words; 4 making a strong memory connection between the forms and meanings of the words; 5 using the words.
c. Fluency According to Nunan 2003 cited in Kayi 2006 fluency is the ability to
use the language quickly and confidently with few unnatural pauses. In order to be able to speak fluently, the students need a lot of practices. It can be
started by practicing and drilling set phrases and repeating models Pinter, 2006: 55. Pinter also assumes that fluent speakers have to learn appropriate
words to say in certain situations, and way to manage conversation and interuption.
d. Comprehension According to Brown 2001 comprehension is the students ability to
understand the question, statements, and conversation. Speakers are considered to have good comprehension if they are able to understand any
topic of conversation at normal rate of speech. e. Grammar
Grammar is the set of language rules that the speakers use to create phrases and sentences that convey meaning. Brown 2001 states that someone who
has good grammar is viewed as the person who is able to use the language with sufficient structural accuracy in both formal and informal conversation.
e. Types of classroom speaking performance
