Empirical Results
Empirical Results
H&V',( <( $,P$,E,%/E( /G,( )0$E/:E/,P( E/&/0E/0.&'( $,E#'/E( ")( ./2( 0/2( &%+( +/( 0%+,M( &%+( ."FP"%,%/( L&'#,E( V=( H&0N&%(OXOK(0%+#E/$=A(H&V',(8(E#FF&$0Q,E(/G,($,E#'/E(")(/G,()0$E/(E/,P(")(/G,(0%P#/(*&'FJ#0E/(W3*Y(&%+(/G,( ."E/(*&'FJ#0E/( WI*Y( P$"+#./0L0/=( 0%+,M,E( &%+( ."FP"%,%/( L&'#,E( )"$( /G,(,%/0$,( H&0N&%(OXOK(0%+#E/$=A( HG,( $,E#'/E(N,$,(."FP#/,+()"$(#E0%1(/G,(F"+,'E(P$,E,%/,+(0%(E/,P(>(&%+(E/,P(<A(
H&V',(<( .K"*U>&(3S13"J*13H3>(3>IHM*V"(DM3(*%@*./W*0/W*H5'*+/*C5'"6*H5'*+%7J%5"53*4HMD"(*L#*.H>$H5*NON-*C5'D(3&#*
?A7C67(
?A689?( >??;(
?A>7B>(
?A7B7>(
?A6;??( >??B(
?A>;79(
?A;?>6(
?A697<( Z#''(P,$0"+(
?A<7<6(
?A7>87(
?A67C9( :%3"X(+/(i(./(u(0/A(
?A>BC?(
?A7B>7(
H&V',(8( .K"*U>&(3S13"J*13H3>(3>IHM*V"(DM3(*%@*C,*H5'*+,*C5'"6*H5'*+%7J%5"53*4HMD"(*L#*.H>$H5*NON-*C5'D(3&#*
¨-/* ¨+1/* O&E,(=,&$(
T,&$( C,*
6A????( 6A????( >??8:>??7(
8A?6C8( ?AC9?9( >??7:>??;(
?A>;;C(
?A9?<7( ?AC>9C( >??;:>??B(
6A6686(
?A9B89(
?AC8BB(
?AB?CB( 6A?>C?( Z#''(P,$0"+(
6A>?6C(
?A9C<8(
6A?7;?(
6A6;7B(
?ACB;8(
?ACC<B(
6A<697( ?ACB9B( :%3"A(C,(i( ǻ-./(u(ǻ.(u(ǻ1/A(
6A?9CB(
?AC>9<(
6A6C97(
?AC6??(
?ACCC>(
?A;7C;(
-E( EG"N%( 0%(H&V',( 82( 0/( 0E(E01%0)0.&%/( /G&/( /G,(C,(0%+,M( ")(>9( H&0N&%( OXOK( )0$FE( 0E( 6A?9BC(&%+( '&$1,$( /G&%(62(+,.'0%0%1(9ABCa()"$(/G,()#''(E&FP',(P,$0"+A(+,(0%+,M(0E(?AC>9<(NG0',(L&'#,(")(',EE(/G&%(6(E#11,E/E(/G,( 0FP$"L,F,%/2( &%+( 0%+0.&/,E( BA6Ba( P$"+#./0L0/=(1$"N/GA( 3/( 0E( .',&$(/G&/(C,(&%+( +,( 0%+,M,E(0%+0.&/,( +0)),$,%/( /$,%+E( &/( "L,$&''( 0%+#E/$=( ',L,'A( ["N,L,$2( &( ."FP',/,( P0./#$,( ")( /G,( P$"+#./0L0/=( .G&%1,( 0%( /G,( .G&%10%1( V#E0%,EE(,%L0$"%F,%/(EG"#'+(V,(,E/0F&/,+(%"/("%'=(V=(/G,(C,(0%+,M(V#/(&'E"(V=(/G,(+,(0%+,M(W*&%0&+&h0E(X( HG&%&EE"#'0E2( >??8j( T&%1( X( [#&%12( >??CYA( HG,( $,E#'/E( .',&$'=( 0%+0.&/,( /G&/( BA6Ba( +,( 0%+,M( 1$"N/G( 0E( E01%0)0.&%/'=( .&#E,+( V=( '.(W/,.G%0.&'(.G&%1,Y2( ǻ0/2(&%+(ǻ+1/(W."E/(E.&',(,))0.0,%.=(.G&%1,YA(+,(#%+,$(/G,( &EE#FP/0"%( ")( @\4( $,EP"%+E( %"/( "%'=( ǻ-./(&%+(ǻ.(V#/(&'E"(ǻ0/2(ǻ-/2(&%+(ǻ+1/A(Z"$(+,2(/G,(,)),./E(")( ǻ0/(&%+(ǻ+1/("))E,/(/G,(+,.'0%,(")('-./(/G&/(F&h,E(C,("%(/G,(+,.$,&E,A(
;9;( D4H3*-H35`(H[D(H[\DD:4H-`D(I_4H(*-R*fU34H(K\_dUIH3@3HT(35dDg( H&V',(7(0%+0.&/,E(/G,(/G0$+:E/,P(E/&/0E/0.&'($,E#'/E(")(./2(0/2(&%+(+/(0%+,M(&%+(."FP"%,%/(L&'#,EA(H&V',(;(
EG"NE(/G,(/G0$+:E/,P(E/&/0E/0.&'($,E#'/E(")(C,(&%+(+,(0%+,M(&%+(."FP"%,%/(L&'#,E(V=(H&0N&%(OXOK(0%+#E/$=( )"$( /G,( /0F,( P,$0"+( >??8:>??BA( -)/,$( &+^#E/0%1( 0%( E/&1,( /N"( &%+( E/&1,( /G$,,2( /G,( ,FP0$0.&'( $,E#'/E( &$,( E01%0)0.&%/'=(+0)),$,%/(N0/G(/G,($,E#'/E()$"F(/G,("$010%&'(."E/(*&'FJ#0E/(F,/G"+A(C,(0%+,M(")(>9(H&0N&%(OXOK( )0$FE(E/0''(E01%0)0.&%/'=(EG"NE(6A6676(&%+('&$1,$(/G&%(62(+,.'0%0%1(66A76a()"$(/G,()#''(E&FP',(P,$0"+A(+,(0%+,M( 0E(?A99;>(NG0',(L&'#,(")(',EE(/G&%(6(E#11,E/E(/G,(0FP$"L,F,%/2(&%+(0%+0.&/,E(66A<9a(P$"+#./0L0/=(1$"N/GA(HG,( $,E#'/E( &$,( E0F0'&$( N0/G( /G,F( EG"N%( &E( H&V',( 8A( _/G,$( L&'#,E( ")( ǻ-./2( ǻ.2( ǻ0/2( ǻ-/2( &%+(ǻ+1/( &$,( &'E"( .G&%1,+A( 3/( 0E( .',&$( /G&/( +,( 0E( E01%0)0.&%/'=( 0FP$"L,+( V=( ¨-/( &%+( ǻ+1/( &)/,$( &+^#E/0%1( 0%( E/&1,( /N"( &%+( $,:F,&E#$0%1(0%(E/&1,(/G$,,A(3%("/G,$(N"$+E2( ¨-/(&%+(ǻ+1/(&$,(/G,(F&^"$()&./"$E(/G&/(F&h,(/G,(L&'#,(")(+,( ',EE(/G&%(6A(e,(.&%(&'E"()0%+(/G&/(/G,(,FP0$0.&'($,E#'/E(EG"N%(0%(H&V',(;(&$,(F"$,($,&E"%&V',(/G&%(0%(H&V',(8A(
H&V',(7( .K"*.K>&'S13"J*13H3>(3>IHM*V"(DM3(*%@*./W*0/W*H5'*+/*C5'"6*H5'*+%7J%5"53*4HMD"(*L#*.H>$H5*NON-*C5'D(3&#*
?AC9;B(
?ACC>7( >??B(
?ACCC?(
?ACC<7(
?AC966( Z#''(P,$0"+(
?ACC97(
?AC9>7(
?AC99?( :%3"A(+/(i(./(u(0/A(
?ACCC?(
?AC9C?(
H&V',(;( .K"*.K>&'S13"J*13H3>(3>IHM*V"(DM3(*%@*C,*H5'*+,*C5'"6*H5'*+%7J%5"53*4HMD"(*L#*.H>$H5*NON-*C5'D(3&#*
T,&$( C,*
¨-/* ¨+1/* O&E,(T,&$(
6A????( 6A????( >??8:>??7(
6A?6?9( ?AC;9B( >??7:>??;(
6A?<>9(
?ACB7B(
6A????(
?ACC7C(
6A?<B6(
6A???7(
?ACB<<( ?A9<67( >??;:>??B(
6A6CB?(
6A??86(
?AC;C8( ?A9<;<( Z#''(P,$0"+(
6A6?87(
?A9;87(
?ACC9C(
6A??C;(
6A?C7>(
6A?7B>(
?AC988( ?A9B;;( :%3"(A(C,(i( ǻ-./(u(ǻ.(u(ǻ1/j(+,(i(ǻ-./(u(ǻ.(u(ǻ0/(u(ǻ-/(u(ǻ+1/A(
6A??;C(
6A6?B9(
6A?>?<(