Summary of targets and indicators

2015 Discussion Paper 2 47

5. Summary of targets and indicators

Through the foregoing review of recently published literature, this paper analysed the many proposals for including SCP in the SDGs, and relevant targets and indicators relevant to address the issue. The literature reviewed indicates that current approaches to SCP should focus on embedding SCP within the broader development of SDGs and sustainable development agendas at national and international levels, as well as its role in advancing poverty reduction, more efficient resource use, and contribution to quality of life. During the selection of the targets and indicators for the SDGs, we propose a focus on targets and indicators that relates to core processes and impacts relevant to natural resource use; production processes, waste, and pollution. Addressing these issues is crucial for SCP, but they can be easily grouped under a broader set of indicators on advancing sustainable development, and can be applied within particular economic sectors andor to key resources. Whether included under an SCP- specific goal, or integrated under other goal areas, these targets and indicators address the most pressing areas where progress is needed in shifting to more sustainable patterns of consumption and production. To make these linkages easier for the readers we grouped the indicators according to the OWG focus areas. The table below provides an initial list of science-based targets and indicators, for which data already exist or are reasonably accessible. This paper is intended to be a starting point to find practical, relevant and effective SCP-oriented targets and indicators to guide the achievement of the future SDGs. Numerous and diverse recommendations for including SCP in the SDGs and the post-2015 development agenda abound, and this review attempts to prioritize some of the most important, comprehensive, scientifically sound and politically-feasible proposals out there. The list below is an initial set of proposed targets and indicators, aligned with outputs from current negotiations in the OWG on SDGs. UNEP will continue to develop potential targets and indicators on SCP as those negotiations progress, and also for measuring progress in the implementation of the 10YFP. Readers may use the present document to evaluate how SCP is being addressed in the context of the SDG and post 2015 development processes, and what options Member States have to respond to various proposals from stakeholders and civil society. These potential targets and indicators could be considered and may be proposed by Member States in the SDG negotiations, to ensure that the key objective of shifting to SCP patterns is addressed in a relevant, actionable, and cross-cutting manner. 2015 Discussion Paper 2 48 Focus area Target Indicators 2. Sustainable agriculture, food security and nutrition End hunger, ensure every adult and child receives adequate nutrition, with a focus on local and regional food security Portion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption of children suffering from stunting, wasting, anaemia Average calorie intake of lowest decilequintile by income Average calorie consumption per regionor country of locally and regionally grown food in diets Restore agricultural productivity of one third of severely degraded abandoned land by 2030 of restored agricultural land of degraded land regenerated Land affected by land degradation and desertification mapped as dryland Reduce excess nutrient release by increasing nutrient use efficiency in agriculture to reduce losses i.e. close gap between nutrient input and plant uptake kg of input N, P, K per kg of N, P, K in crop wastewater treated with nutrient recovery also linked to sanitation of animal waste recycled Reduce food loss along the food supply chain and waste at the consumption stage by 50 per cent by 2030 of food lost prior to consumption: losses on the field, post- harvest, storage, manufacturing, processing and distribution stages. of food waste at the consumption stage. Limit global cropland to 0.2 hectares per capita Domestic extraction of biomass Biomass footprint of consumption Crop biomass, livestock fodder, feedstock for biofuels

6. Water and sanitation