Coding Triangulation Data Analysis Technique

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E. Data Analysis Technique

In this research, all of the data were obtained through four instruments namely interview, observation checklist, test, and focus group interview. Having collected the data, the writer then analyzed them using some techniques. There were two techniques used in this research. They were coding and triangulation. The following is the explanation of each technique along with its implementation in this research.

1. Coding

The first data analysis technique used in the research was coding. This technique allowed the researcher to select specific data to use and to disregard other data that is not useful to answer the problems being researched. Therefore, this technique needs to make sense out of text data, divide it into text segments, and examine the codes for overlap and redundancy, and collapse the codes into the topic being researched Creswell, 2015. In the research, the coding process dealt with the result of FGI and observation checklist. In the process of coding the FGI result, the researcher firstly made a transcript of the FGI by listening to the audio recording. Finishing making the transcript, the researcher had a written data source that was useful to answer the formulated problems. However, the researcher needed to select specific data to use and disregard the others because the recording recorded all of the words said by the respondents including repetitions in talking. Meanwhile, in the process of coding the observation checklist result, the researcher also selected additional notes provided by the observer in the observation checklist. Afterwards, from those 36 research instruments, the research made sense out of the data gathered in each instrument by dividing them into some segments to select particular data in answering the formulated research problem. In the coding, the researcher wrote the labels of the segments based on the five types of scaffolding and the advantages of learning using scaffolding. The example of the coding sheet is presented below: No Advantage The characteristics of scaffolding by Bransford, et al 2000 Evidence Observation Checklist FGI 1 Drawing students’ interest in the task

2. Triangulation

Triangulation was the second data analysis technique in this research. It was conducted after the coding process finished. This data analysis technique allowed the researcher to prove evidence from different individuals, types of data, and methods of data collection Creswell, 2015. Moreover, this data analysis technique also allowed the researcher to investigate the data with one procedure and then confirm the collected data using another different procedure or instrument Ary et al., 2002, p. 436. In the research, triangulation worked most in answering the second research problem. In answering the advantages using scaffolding in learning writing, the researcher firstly found the answers from the result of FGI. However, the result of FGI was not convincing enough. Therefore, the researcher proved the evidence found in the result of FGI from the observer and observation checklist sheet. Table 3.2 Blank Form of Coding Sheet 37 Eventually, any evidences from both resources that referred to the same point were used to respond the second formulated problem.

F. Research Procedure