The statement shows that Rappaccini‟s treatment toward Beatrice has trapped her into the psychological problems because her father does not let her to lead her life
normally. Some criticisms draw attention to the Giovanni and Beatrice‟s relationship
as the mixture between feeling of love and hate in Giovanni. Elder states The dark view would send Giovanni out of the influence of the
unintelligible power; the bright view would encourage him to see Beatrice in daylight may give him a chance to appreciate her true spiritual self. But
enjoying the mixture of love and horror was sure to create an infernal
blaze. This truth is closely related to Hawthorne‟s analysis of the relation between Giovanni and Beatrice just before his harsh words to her near the
conclusions of the story. 1969:96
This statement intends to explain that there is also a psychological conflict that is experienced by Giovanni when he has a close relationship with Beatrice, such a
war of love and honor in the Giovanni‟s inner life. In this thesis, the writer wants to explore how Giovann
i‟s points of view of Beatrice reveal his type of love toward her by employing psychological approach
in this study. The study focuses on how Beatrice characterized by the author, Beatrice in Giovanni‟s point of view, and Giovanni relationship with Beatrice.
B. Review of Related Theories
Since this analysis starts with the intrinsic elements of the literary work, it is appropriate to put the literary theories in the first part.
B.1. Theory of Characterization
To find out how the characters are characterized in the story, we need to know the theories of characterization. According to Holman and Harmon in A
Handbook to Literature, Characterization is the way in which the author reveals or creates or the characters in hisher work, making them „alive‟ for the reader
1986: 81. Also in his book Holman and Harmon 1986:81 stated that there are three fundamental methods of characterization in fiction. First, the explicit
presentation by the author, second, the character‟s own representation from within a cha
racter of the impact of certain events towards the character‟s inner self, also without any interference from the author.
Baldick suggests that characterization is the presentation of persons in narrative or dramatic works that may include direct way like the description or
commentary and distribution of qualities. Indirect or dramatic way is also combines to invite readers to decide qualities from the fact of the characters‟
action, speech, or physical appearance so the readers are free to interpret their characterization 1991:34.
Meanwhile M.J. Murphy 1972:161-173 in Understanding Unseen An Introduction to English Poetry and the English Novel for Overseas Students
explaines that there are nine ways of how the author makes his character understandable for the reader. Sometimes the steps are not all used by the authors
to show their characters‟ characteristics, however some of them must exist. Those nine ways are:
a. Personal description The author can describe a person‟s appearance and clothes in details so that the
readers will be able to figure the personality of the character based on his or her
