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in a work of art. Along with plot, setting, theme and style, character is considered on of the fundamental components of fiction.
11
Characterization is the mean by which an imaginary person in a film is developed and made credible to viewers. Not every person in a film is a
character. At least two criteria must be met. First, the person should be sufficiently prominent and individual to be noticeable and should not simply
be a part of the background. Second, the person could not be eliminated from the film without substantially changing the plot or affecting the major and
minor themes.
12
By the character, we will feel easier to understand personalities or traits of a character because, a character in the story will state
directly to us.
B. The Structure of Personality.
According to Sigmund Freuds psychoanalytic theory of personality, personality is composed of three elements. These three elements of personality
known as the id, the ego, and the superego that work together to create complex human behaviors.
13
In Sigmund Freuds topographical model of personality, the ego is the aspect of personality that deals with reality. While doing this, the ego also has
to cope with the conflicting demands of the id and the superego. The id seeks
11
X.J. Kennedy, An Introduction to Fiction, Boston, Little, Bown, 1983, p. 45
12
Dennis Denitto, Film form feeling United State of America 1985, p. 9.
13
Theories of
Personality. http:psychology.about.comodtheoriesofpersonalitya
personalityelem.htm . Accessed on 23 May 20013.
10
to fulfill all wants, needs, and impulses while the superego tries to get the ego to act in an idealistic and moral manner.
14
1. The Id
The id is the only component of personality that presents from birth. This aspect of personality is entirely unconscious and includes of the
instinctive and primitive behaviors. The id is driven by the pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires, wants,
and needs. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state anxiety or tension. Based on the function, the id serves pleasure principle
without regarding what is proper.
15
According to Freud, the id is the source of all psychic energy,
making it the primary component of personality. The id tries to resolve the
tension created by the pleasure principle through the primary process, which involves forming a mental image of the desired object as a way of
satisfying the need.
16
Additionally, Id for human is an instinct for
reproduction and survival. 2.
The Ego
The ego is the component of personality that is responsible for dealing with reality. According to Freud, the ego develops from the id and ensures
that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world. The ego operates based on the reality principle, which strives to
14
Defens Mechanism.
http:psychology.about.comodtheoriesofpersonalityss defensemech_2.htm
. Accessed on 23 may 20013.
15
Gregory J. Feist, Theories of Personality, new York: Mc Graw Hill, p.27-28
16
Loc. Cit, theories personality.
