The Analysis of the Main Characters of Delirium by Lauren Oliver

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THE ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS

OF

DELIRIUM

_{BY LAUREN OLIVER}

A PAPER

AVIANDANI AULIA NASUTION REG. NO. 112202022

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM MEDAN

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It has been proved by Supervisor,

NIP. 19580517 198503 1 003 Drs. Siamir MarulafauM.Hum

Submitted to Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera in partial fulfillment of the requirementsforDIPLOMA (D-III) in English

Approve by

Head of Diploma III Study Program,

NIP. 19251126 198112 1 001 Dr. MatiusC.A. Sembiring, M.A.

Approved by theDiploma III Study Program

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As a Paper for the Diploma Examination

Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera.

The examination is held on June 2014

Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera

Dean,

NIP. 19511013197603 1 001 Dr.Syahron Lubis, M.A.

Board of Examiners

1. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A (Head of ESP) ____________ 2. Drs. Siamir MarulafauM.Hum (Supervisor) ____________ 3. Mahmud Arief Albar, S.S., M.A (Reader) ____________

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I, AVIANDANI AULIA NASUTION, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where the refrence is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed : ... Date : 2014

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : Aviandani Aulia Nasution

Title of Paper : The Analysis of the Main Characters of Delirium by Lauren Oliver

Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Librarion of the Diploma III English Departement Faculty of Culuture USU on the understanding taht users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed : ... Date : 2014

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ABSTRACT

This paper that has a title “The Analysis of The Main Characters of Delirium by Lauren Oliver’’ discuss about the main characters which exist in the Delirium novel by Lauren Oliver. Those main characters have kind of different characteristics and also have different behavior. In composing this paper, the writer uses the library research by reading some books that relevant to this title or as a source to get some information that can support this title and also by searching on internet. And finally, all characteristics and behaviors from each main character of this novel can be described.

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ABSTRACT

Kertas karya yang berjudul “The Analysis of The Main Characters of Delirium by Lauren Oliver” ini membahasa tentang tokoh-tokoh utama yang terdapat di dalam novel Delirium karya Lauren Oliver. Tokoh-tokoh utama tersebut memiliki ciri-ciri yang berbeda dan memiliki sifat yang berbeda juga. Dalam penyusunan kertas karya ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan membaca beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan judul ini dan sebagai sumber untuk mendapatkan beberapa informasi yang bisa mendukung judul ini juga penelusuran dari internet. Sehingga didapatlah ciri-ciri dan sifat dari masing-masing tokoh utama yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut.

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ACKNOWNLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like thank to my God, Allah SWT and the Prophet

Muhammad SAW, for all the blessing and gives me health, strength, and inspiration to finish this paper as one of the requiments to get Diploma III certificate from English Diploma Study Program, University of Sumatera Utara.

Special thanks go to my superwoman, mom: Dra. Sri Rosida Pulungan for supporting, loving, caring, praying and believing in me. I’m proud to be your daughter. I love you.

Thank you to Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A., as The Dean of Faculty of Culture Studies.

Thank you to Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, MA as The Head of English Diploma Study Program.

Thank you to Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum as my supervisor, and

Mahmud Arief Albar, S.S., M.A as my reader who gives me corrections and advices to finish this paper.

Thank you Mrs.Fazlah Putri S.H for your helps during me as Student of English Diploma.

Thanks for all of D-III English 2011 students, specially B-Class. For my amazing friends: Mas Eko, Rocky, Abid and Rezky.

Thanks for my lovely friends, Febrillatussakdiyah, Dika Pratiwi and

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for my friends, Amelya Septya Rini, Rumada Pane and Annisa Risma for helping me to get the solusions about this paper. Thanks a lot.

Special Thanks for My Beloved Man, Mhd.Ananda Prayudi Dhesyah, thanks for your support, loves, times and anything. And also, thanks for always beside me since three years ago.

Thank for my best friends, Agustia Rizky Amelia Am.Keb and Meriam Sarah Devries, thank for this sweet friendship. To make me crazy and make me feel that our is happiness.

Thanks for PG/TK RAUSYAN KIDS Medan. Specially Ms.Siti Arfah Zulaikha S.Pd and Ms.Eni and also for all of my students.

And finally, I realize that this paper is far from being perfect. I hope that those who read this paper may give critics annd suggestions for making it better.

Medan, 2014

The Writer

Reg.No. 112202022 Aviandani Aulia Nasution

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ... i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ... ii

ABSTRACT ... iii

ABSTRAK ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of Study ... 1

1.2. The Problem of Study ... 3

1.3. The Scope of Study ... 3

1.4. The Purpose of Study ... 3

1.5. The Method of Study ... 4

1.6. Reason for choosing the Topic ... 4

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1. Character ... 6

2.1.1 Divison of Character ... 8

2.1.2 Types of Charater ... 9

2.2. Plot ... 11

2.3. Setting ... 11

2.4. Theme ... 11

2.5. Point of View ... 12

3. THE ANALYSIS 3.1 Magdalena Ella Halloway ... 13

3.2 Alex Sheathes ... 17

3.3 Hana Tate ... 21

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 4.1 Conclusion ... 24

4.2 Suggestion ... 25

REFERENCES ... 26

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ABSTRACT

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ABSTRACT

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Literature has classified into prose fiction, poetry, drama, and nonfiction prose. From the classified, the writer decided to discuss the prose fiction which is novel. Alternbern and Levis (1996: 14) says that Fiction is interpreted as prose narrative, it’s a imaginative, usually in logical and contain the truth of dramatization in the relationship of human being. Fiction does not created by dreaming at all, but using the comprehension of narrative prose in the life. Fiction is concerned with the place of individual in the environments in the story. And the environment is a background or setting which characters speak, and act.

Basically, literature comes from Latin Language, ”littera” which means the smallest element of the alphabetical, refers to written or printed words. Literature can be seen as creation of human,s activities that live in social life with all problem. Generally, literature contents of problem which complete the human needs. That is why; it has it’s own world as the creation of man to the life of it’s own creation whether it is written which is useful to be understood, or used by the societies.

A novel usually tells of human life in its interaction with the environment and each other. In a novel, the authors make every effort to direct with the reader to the images of the reality of life through the stories contained in the novel. Novel is the literary from in which many us encounter sories. Novel is abundantly available; we can be bought in both bookshops and supermarket. Novel rises something which describes the human life, although for something fictious, but it

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becomes as something that people may understand with the same principle in daily life, such as psychological truth or holding the mirror up to nature, a consciousnes of moral values and many more_.

In this analysis is about the main characters of novel, we know that novel is a part of literature. So, there are two ways to analyze a literature, namely instrinsic and extrinsic. The intrinsic unsure is everything which is included in litetature work such as, theme, characters, setting, plot, symbols, point of view and the language. And the extrinsic unsure is everything which inspiring the writing of literature namely the background of the writer life, beliefs and point of view, also the customs, politics, historical problems, economics and psychological life. Character is product. Characters are the figures in the book. Character is one important element in fiction, especially novel. This element is the center role in which the story will live, be understood, and enjoyed by the readers. Without character, readers will not understand why the action happens.

Characters have conversations with each other to enable parts the reader to learn about whom they are, what role they are playing and about the events of the novel. Characters are the persons in a narrative of dramatic work of at such as novel, play, or film. A novel can, but doesn’t need to, has many characters. In novel, character can be differentiated into several kinds based on point of view of the appellation to be done. It is true that author can reveal character traits through his or her literary work. Character’s appearance in terms of how he or she acts and what other characters in the story say is a key point of understanding the story and its conflict as a whole. Thus, this is the reason as idea as the background why this

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paper analysis character portrayed. The main characters have important role in a novel which appear in every part and also dominate the story. They always appear as men which are as the subject or the object that influence the story. Their main depend on domination, many conversations, story about them and their influence of the story entirely. The main characters could be more than one in a novel, they are an antagonist and protagonist.

1.2 The Problem of the Study

1) How is the character of Magdalena Ella Halloway in Delirium portrayed? 2) How is the character of Alex Sheathes in Delirium portrayed?

3) How is the character of Hana Tate in Delirium portrayed?

1.3 The scope of the Study

There are many aspects can be discussed in this novel, nevertheless the writer is interested to focus on The Main Characters in Delirium. Base on the problem, then this study is focused in finding out the main characters in the novel

Delirium by Lauren Oliver.

1.4 The Purpose of the Study

The purposes of the study are:

1) To explain how the characters of Magdalena Ella Halloway in Delirium is portrayed.

2) To explain how characters of Alex Sheathes in Delirium is portrayed. 3) To explain how characters of Hana Tate in Delirium is portrayed.

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1.5 The Method of the Study

The writer uses descriptive qualitative method in doing this paper. Since there are many books must be read to complete this paper, the writer uses library research. Firstly, the writer reads the novel, and then selected each chapters. Secondly, choosing the text to make it as the quotations. After that, the data has been found is interpreted by using some books about literature from the library, and also browsing from internet. And the last, the writer analyzes the data and make conclusion.

1.6 Reason for Choosing the Topic

The writer choose to analyze The Main Characters in this novel because literature has a wide field of studies, the writer has to limit the scope of studying or to chose the topic. The writer only analysis the main characters of the novel being described. In addition, this novel also has a very interesting story. For this reason, the writer chose to analyze the main characters further.

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2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Literature is a term that does not have a universally accepted definition, but which has variably included all written work; writing that possesses literary merit; and language that foregrounds literariness, as opposed to ordinary language. Etymologically the term derives from Latin literatura/litteratura, although some definitions include spoken or sung texts. Literature can be classified according to whether it is fiction or non-fiction, and whether it is poetry or prose; it can be further distinguished according to major forms such as the novel, short story or drama; and works are often categorized according to historical periods, or according to their adherence to certain aesthetic features or expectations.

Eagleton (1983:1) says, “There have been various attempts to be define literature. You can define it, as “imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not really true. But even the briefest reflection on what people commonly include under the heading of literature suggests that this will do.” Literature as imaginative writing is reflected from people thought, that is not true.

A novel is a l events, usually in the form of a sequential story. The antiquity an present generic English term in the 18th century. The first significant European was published in 1605.

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One of the fiction process is novel. Waston (1979:3) says, “Novel is the name of a literary kind, and there is a story to tell about how, over the centuries, its substance has widened and its conventions changed.” It means that novel is literary work that narrate life story in centuries ago. Every novel has these five elements: Setting - When and where the story takes place. Characters - The people (or sometimes animals) the story is about. Plot - What happens in the story. Theme - The lesson the writer of the story is trying to teach the reader. The "message". And the last, point of view - Who is telling the story. First person point of view uses "I", and is told by one of the characters of the story. Third person point of view uses an unnamed narrator who knows what all (or most) of the story's characters are thinking.

Shaw (1972:189) says, “A novel is lengthy fictitious narrative prose portraying character and presenting an organized series of events and settings.” It means that long or short of a work is often used as a distinguishing feature between short stories and novels. Short stories usually range between 1.500 to 15.000 words, while novel about 70.000 sometimes 40.0000 words. Characters and action representative of the real life of past or present times. Novel and short story tell all events or problems that occur in human life.

2.1 Character

One of the most important aspect in a novel is the Main of Characters. Character in a novel is not as puzzling as character in real life; a novel is short: it is a work of art, so it’s selective character in novel rather as we do in real life;

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from people’s actions, from what they say about themselves, from what other say about them.

Character is a person who is responsible for the thoughts and action within a story, poem, or other literature. Characters are extremely important because they are the medium through which a reader interacts with a piece of literature. Every character has his or her own personality, which a creative author uses to assist in forming the plot of a story or creating a mood. The different attitudes, mannerisms, and even appearances of characters can greatly influence the other major elements in a literary work, such as theme, setting, and tone. With this understanding of the character, a reader can become more aware of other aspect of literature, such as symbolism, giving the reader a more complete understanding of the work.

Forster (1972) says, “Two basic types of characters, their qualities, functions, and importance for the development of the novel: flat characters and round characters. Flat characters are two-dimensional, in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work. By contrast, round characters are complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader.”

Round Characters is a major character in a work of fiction whos encounters conflict and is changed by it. Round characters tend to be more fully developed and described than flat, or static, characters. If you think of the characters you most love in fiction, they probably seem as real to you as people you know in real life. This is a good sign that they are round characters. A writer employs a number of tools or elements to develop a character, making him or her round, including description and dialogue. A character's responses to conflict and his or her internal dialogue are also revelatory.

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2.1.1 Division of Character

Main character and peripheral character

Main Character is the individual who contributes the most to the story or who is the most important of the story. You can decide who the main character is by thinking about if the story would be the same if a specific character was not in it. Nurgiyantoro (2005:176-177) says, “Tokoh utama adalah tokoh yang diutamakan penceritaannya dalam novel yang bersangkutan. Ia merupakan tokoh yang paling banyak diceritakan, baik sebagai pelaku kejadian maupun yang dikenal kejadian.”

Peripheral character is the character that appears once or sometime in a novel, and may be relatively in short portion. It called peripheral character often provide, support, illuminated the protagonist.

Protagonist and Antagonist Characters

There are two order important terms to keep in mind of description people: protagonist and antagonist. Protagonist is the major character with whom we generally sympathize. A protagonist is considered to be the main character or lead figure in a novel, play, story, or poem. A protagonist, meaning "one who plays the first part, chief actor") is the main character (the central or primary personal figure) of a literary, theatrical, cinematic or musical narrative, who enters conflict because of the antagonist. The basic sense of protagonist, as originally used in connection with ancient Greek drama, is ‘the main character in a play’. Some traditionalists object to the looser use to refer to a number of characters (rather than just the main one) in a play, film, etc.

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An antagonist is a character, group of characters, or institution that represents the opposition against which the protagonist or protagonists must contend. In other words, an antagonist is a person or a group of people who oppose the main characters. In the classic style of stories wherein the action consists of a hero fighting a villain/enemy, the two can be regarded as protagonist and antagonist, respectively. Of course, some narratives cast the villain the protagonist role, with the opposing hero as the antagonist. The antagonist may also represent a major threat or obstacle to the main character by their very existence, without necessarily deliberately targeting him or her.

Sometimes, antagonists and protagonists may overlap, depending on what their ultimate objectives are considered to be. Often, the protagonist in a narrative is also the same person as the Excitement and intrigue alone is what the audience feels toward a focal character, while a sense of empathy about the character's objectives and emotions is what the audience feels toward the protagonist. Although the protagonist is often referred to as the "good guy", it is entirely possible for a story's protagonist to be the clear villain, or

2.1.2 Types of Characters

The essential function of character is to make the story in the novel meaningful. Therefore, characterization plays important role in giving the main or peripheral character selected behaviour or typical of personality. In his book Aspect of the novel, E.M. Foster (1993) defines that there are two basic types of characters, their qualities, functions, and importance for the development of the

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novel: flat characters and around characters. According to E.M Foster (1993) the definition about flat character describes below Foster’s most important contribution to the aesthetic of the novel: the distinction between ‘flat’ and ‘round’ characters.

Foster (1993:47:54) says, “Flat characters are constructed round a single idea or quality and can be expressed in a single sentence; round characters are multi-faceted and unpredictable. For foster, the test of a round character is whether it is capable of surprising in a convincing way both flat and round characters can coexist in the some novel. Flat characters have advantage of being easily recognized and convenient for their creators .“

Flat Characters is a minor character in a work of fiction who does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story. Also referred to as "two-dimensional characters" or "static characters" flat characters play a supporting role to the main character, who as a rule should be round. To the degree that the stock characters have many common traits, they are representative of their class, or group. Such characters, with variations in names, ages, and sexes, have been constant in literature since the ancient Greeks. Some regular stock characters are insensitive father, the interfering mother, the sassy younger brother

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or sister, the greedy politician, the resourceful cowboy or detective, the overbearing or henpecked husband, the submissive or nagging wife, and the angry police captain.

2.2 Plot

Plot is a literary term defined as the events that make up a story, particularly as they relate to one another in a pattern, in a sequence, through cause and effect, how the reader views the story, or simply by coincidence. A plot "insures that you get your character from point A to point Z". Jenna Blum (2013) says, "One is generally interested in how well this pattern of events accomplishes some artistic or emotional effect. An intricate, complicated plot is called an imbroglio, but even the simplest statements of plot may include multiple inferences."

2.3 Setting

Setting is a critical component for assisting the story. In some stories the setting becomes a character itself. The term "setting" is often used to refer to the social milieu in which the events of a novel occur. The setting is often established as the "setting". Setting is another way of identifying where a story takes place.

2.4 Theme

Theme is a common thread or repeated idea that is incorporated throughout a literary work. A theme is a thought or idea the author presents to the reader that may be deep, difficult to understand, or even moralistic. Generally, a theme has to be extracted as the reader explores the passages of a work. The author utilizes the characters, plot, and other literary devices to assist the reader in this endeavor.

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There are two types of themes that appear in literary works i.e. major and minor. A major theme is an idea that a writer repeats in his work, making it the most significant idea in a literary work. A minor theme, on the other hand, refers to an idea that appears in a work briefly and gives way to another minor theme.

The theme of a fable is its moral. The theme of a parable is its teaching. The theme of a piece of fiction is its view about life and how people behave.

In fiction, the theme is not intended to teach or preach. In fact, it is not presented directly at all. You extract it from the characters, action, and setting that make up the story. In other words, you must figure out the theme yourself. The writer's task is to communicate on a common ground with the reader.

2.5Point of view

Point of view is the angle of considering things which shows us the opinion or feelings of the individuals involved in a situation. In literature, point of view is the mode of narration that an author employs to let the readers “hear” and “see” what takes place in a story, poem, essay etc. Point of view is a reflection of the opinion an individual from real life or fiction can have. Broadly speaking, there are three major kinds of points of view: The perspective from which a speaker or writer recounts a narrative or presents information. Depending on the topic, purpose, and audience, writers of nonfiction may rely on the first-person point of view (I, we), the second-person (you, your), or the third-person (he, she, it, they).

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3. THE ANALYSIS

3.1 Magdalena Ella Halloway

Lena is the main character in a novel by Lauren Oliver Delirium. She is a 17-years-old girl. Lena lives with her aunt, Carol Tidlle. Lena’s mother, Annable Halloway has died committed suicide when Lena was 6 years old. The thoughtness from that accident because Annable Halloway loves her husband so much, who has passed away for long time ago. Annable has repeated undergone evaluation and the results still show that Annable still has Deliria disease, a disease that is claimed Love is Sin. Therefore, Lena is isolated from her environment. Oliver (2011:157) says, "For the first time, in my life. I understood the look that people had been giving me forever, the same curl of the lip Whenever they hear the name Halloway. Piti, yes --- but disgust, also, and fear of contamination."

Lena’s Family is rumored has contracted Deliria and the desease is the most feared in Portland. The day after her mother’s died because of Deliria, her sister, Rachel has convicted of contracting Deliria. Oliver (2011:173) says, “Here is the secret about my family: My sister contracted the Deliria several months before her scheduled procedure. She fall in love with a boy, named Thomas. Who was also uncured. During the day she and Thomas spent all their lying in a field of wild-flowers, shielding their eyes against the sun, whispering promises to each other that could never be kept.”

This is already an open secret. Lena has been used to hearing things about her family and this skewed random key makes Lena become a shy person. Oliver

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(2011:155) says, "Everyone around me, everyone in school, all my neighbors and my aunt's friends --- they all know about my family already and my family shamefull secrets. That's why they always looked at me pityingly, from the corner of their eyes. That's why for years I rode a wave of whispering into every room. "

At the beginning of the story, Lena is a girl who is obedient and compliant with all of regulations in Portland. In Portland there is a disease called Amor Deliria Nervosa, which the love is a great sin and everything that joy is prohibited. Each people will be exposed to punishment in violation of the ban. Therefore, every people should follow the evaluation and do the healing on each birthday date of their 18th year. Oliver (2011:76) says, "I've never spoken back to her. Have always tried to be as patient and obedient and good as of this writing - have always tried to be as invisible as of this writing."

But a few days before the evaluation’s days, Lena has met with Alex. He is a laboratory guard, where the execution of every evaluation’s held. Alex is a person who has been cured. Since she meets Alex, Lena slowly turns into a girl who has found her real self. Previously, Lena always feels she has a strange personality. Oliver (2011:50) says, "Sometimes, I feel as though there are two me's. coasting one directly on top of the other: the superficial me, who nods when she's supposed to say, and some other, deeper part, the part that worries and says 'Gray'. "

She meets Alex has made her become more disobedient with all applicable regulations. Lena also has been easy to lie to the people around her. Oliver (2011:119) says, "I've never been out this late on my own in my life. I've never

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broken Curfew. According to the regulations in Portland, lying is one of the symptoms deliria and this is clearly strongly opposed.

Aunty carol also has increasingly overseen Lena for the day of evaluation. As someone who has lived and stayed with Lena, She has known and understood all the changes of Lena. Oliver (2011:237) says, "Carol shakes her head and looks disappointed."Honestly, Lena. I do not know when you started disobeying me. I thought that you of all people --- "She breaks off."

But precisely, because of her relationship with Alex, Lena should feel more beautiful than ever. Lena just feels that she is a shy and uninterested girl. Alex actually has given confidence to Lena that all of presumptions are wrong. Oliver (2011: 261) says, "for the first time in my life, I stand in front of my bathroom mirror and do not see an in between girl ---. For the first tie, with my hair swept back and my night gown slipping off one. Shoulder and my eyes glowing, I believe what Alex said, I am beautiful. "

Besides that, Lena also feels the freedom that has not been acquired. Oliver (2011:83) says, "Then I take off again feeling a lifting sensation in my chest, that same sense of happiness and freedom. I cannot believe it was easy to get out of the house. "

She has fallen in love with Alex, Lena also realizes that all of things she has felt are toward to Deliria symptoms. But everything about Alex has made her fall in love and forget about all the punishment that will be given to someone who is infected Deliria. Oliver (2011:60) says, "Today, I like him. Feel like its some-how

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rubbing off on me. Like if I was around him enough, I would never feel awkward or frightened or insecure. "

Since Lena falls in love with Alex, She has forgotten anything about the procedure and anything that’s promised after the evaluation day’s done._{Lena also}

has forgotten the name of Brian Scraff and some other names that have been paired with Lena in accordance with the conditions and results of the evaluation of Lena. Oliver (2011:309) says, "I've been ignoring the date of the procedure, and I've avoided even thinking Brian Scharff's name."

Lena has wanted to be with him forever, Lena’s love for Alex has been very large. Oliver (2011:332) says, "I want Alex and I want my old life and i want peace and happiness and i know that I cannot live without him, all the same time."

Lena has become a new person. For Lena, Love and Happiness are the big things that should not be avoided as those set forth in the regulations in Portland. Lena finds happiness and freedom from Alex. Lena feels the happiness of her life if only Alex is near with her.

Until the end Lena must be willing to bury deeply her love for Alex, who has died because somebody has shot him, while Lena and Alex regulators want to escape to The Wild.

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3.2 Alex Sheathes

Alex is the main male character in the novel Delirium. Through ‘Alex’ character the conflicts have began to appear in the novel. Alex is a 19-years-old man. Physically Alex is a man who is quite charming. Oliver (2011: 58) says, "A boy with caramel-colored skin and hair that's a golden brown color, like autumn leaves getting ready to fall."

In accordance with applicable regulations in Portland, all citizens who have passed the age of 18 years should and must follow the evaluation in order to do the healing and anticipating Deliria Amor Nervosa. Usually, the people who have done the evaluation have a mark or distinctive characteristics which has been given by the officer. Oliver (2011:60) says, "I see the Unmistakable sign of someone who is cured: the mark of the procedure, a three-pronged needle used exclusively for immobilizing the patient so that the cure can be administered."

Portland citizens assume that the sketch is "like badges of honor." For those who have been cured, long hair is something to be avoided because it can cover these wrinkles. The women also have to cut their hair carefully. Due to the existence of those strokes will be free with a curfew in force in Portland.

Alex is also someone who is passionate person, he has passed the days by work and college. Through laboratory activities as a guard, Alex can see Lena from a distance. Oliver (2011:139) says, "I worked at the Grind last semester in Square monument. I used to see you all the time. "

That is time when Alex starts to like Lena. Alex often sees Lena every afternoon run around The Statue of Governor. According to Alex, Lena is not an

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ordinary woman, Lena is beautiful and so interesting. Alex also often pays attention to Lena who always grasps the hand of the statue of the governor just like shaking hands when she has acrosses the street. Until one day Alex leaves a little note in The Governor's hands Statue and hopes that Lena will read it someday. Oliver (2011:141) says, "I left a note for you one time. In the Governor's fist. You know ... Lena?"

Then for a few moments after that, Alex has met Lena resting in Back Bay after running that afternoon. Alex realizes that her feelings for Lena is feeling very banned in Portland, that is: Love. In the end, after next meeting, Alex ventured to tell his feelings to Lena. Alex does not expect much for the time, for him, to know about his feelings Lena is just enough. Oliver (2011:176) says, "I like you, okay?? That's it. That's all. I like you. "

Alex is actually a person who does not like the rules. Although according to the sign three strokes behind the ears Alex, Alex is someone who has been cured but Alex still likes freedom and The wild is outside Portland, a place where love is not something which is forbidden. The wild is also a gathering place where people who oppose the evaluation and healing. The wild bounded by an iron fence electrified ready to shock those who tried to run away and out of Portland toward to The Wild. Oliver (2011:163) says, "None of these, no walls to run into. No eyes, freedom and space. Place to stretch out. I still think about The Wilds." Alex is also very wants Portland can be free place like The Wild.

The biggest secret from Alex is that Alex is not a person who has been cured as long as it looks from the sign behind the ear. Oliver (2011:166) says, "I'm

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telling you, I was never cured. Never paired or match or anything, I was never even evaluated."

Alex looks so normal, he has not been suspicious. He also follows the regulations. Alex looks like someone who has been cured properly. But besides that, Alex is an invalid undercover investigator who has been cured like. Oliver (2011:169) says, "There's no way for anyone to know that Alex is an Invalid. I did not know. He looks normal, has scar in the right place."

Because a great feeling to Lena, Alex decides to tell the whole biggest secret of his life. Alex does this because he believes and falls in love with Lena. Oliver (2011:227) says, "I was born in the Wilds, my mother died right after-words: My father is dead. He never knows he had a son. A son is me. I lived there for the first part of my life. Just kind of bounce around, all the other. "Invalid took care of me together like a community things."

After the big secret is revealed, it does not change the love feeling of both. Alex still loves Lena and vice versa. He is a person who can make Lena being comfort, though Alex is just a person who has disguised invalid. Oliver (2011:260) says, "Alex is good listener, too, and can stay silent for hours while i tell him about growing up in Carol's house." Besides, Alex remains a charming man for Lena.

Alex is a man who teaches Lena that romantic love is beautiful and should not be prevented and avoided. Even in the most gripping Alex can even be a sedative for Lena and Lena assured that everything will be alright. Oliver (2011:277) says, "Alex can tell how frightened I am. He leans forward and

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fumbles for a moment, trying to find my ear and than skim my earlobe. "It's going to be okay," he whispers and I fell slightly betters. Nothing bad will happen when I'm with Alex."

Because of love that has blossomed between Alex and Lena, they agree to keep it even if Love is a big ban in Portland. Then Alex also intends to bring Lena out of Portland toward the Wild because it is a place for all those who oppose the regulations in Portland. In the Wild, Alex has promised that they can live together without have to hide from regulators or investigators who have been threatening their existence when being met. Oliver (2011:332) says, "Lena, you do not have to do anything. We could run away together to The Wilds. Just go ad never come back. Only ---- Lena, we could not ever come back. You know that, alright? They'd kill us both, or lock us forever ... but Lena, we could do it. "

In the end, Alex must risk himself for Lena’s love to appropriate on the border of Portland and Wildlife. On the day that has been designated them as the day of their freedom to run to the Wild, Alex has died at the hands of the regulators who are trying to capture Alex and Lena.

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3.3 Hana Tate

Hana Tate is the best friend of Lena Halloway, they have been friends since the seventh class. Physically, Hana is very different than Lena. Hana looks more beautiful and interesting than Lena, Hana also comes from a rich family in Portland. Hana appeared with very high confidence that this is indeed supported by her beauty. Oliver (2011: 58) says. "Hannah's a thousand times more confident than I am."

In the school environment, Hana is so popular. Every one in her school has known Hana. Because of her personality, confident and cheerful, many people who want to be her friends but Hana just believes in Lena as a friend to be her best friend. Everyone always amazes when they look Hana. Oliver (2011:99) says, "Hana was really popular in school --- people looked up to her and wanted to be like her ---- but even though she was really friendly with everybody, she never really got close with anyone beside me."

Hana is a person who does not like with all applicable regulations in the Portland. She thinks that music is a wonderful thing and it is impossible to avoid. Hana often hears music through illegal websites has been banned in the network to access the Internet in the Portland. In a warehouse that has been used, where musical concert in Portland is strictly prohibited, and a large slum warehouse not far from the The wild. Hana often visits music concert to enjoy the music that has been played there with loud as if to prove that the 'rules there to be broken'. Who knows how many times Hana spends the night with a lie just to attend the music

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concert and Hana always has a reason to lie to her parents. Oliver (2011:148) says' "I'd never understood how Hana could lie so Often and so easily."

Before the procedure, Hana is not confused by the evaluation. According to Hana, freedom is before the evaluation. And after evaluation, life will change and be as determined. Hana never thinks about who and how the man who will be paired with her later after the evaluation that everyone’s known if Hana will get someone who is worse for herself. Hana is the daughter of a respectable Tate Family and will get an equal man, the son of the Governor or government officials in Portland. Moreover, Hana is a smart woman who can maintain her beauty. Oliver (2011:152) says, "Someone like Hana, I decided, with bright blond hair and an irritating ability to make-even pulling her hair into a ponytail look graceful, look like a choreographed dance."

Hana is the only daughter in her family, she does not like children. So whenever she has visited Lena's house, Hana has always felt uncomfortable with the bustle of Lena’s cousins which are playing in the house. Oliver (2011:188) says, "Hana's always had a thing against children. She's always staying they're too sticky and clingy. Like Jolly Ranchers that have been left too long in a hot pocket."

Hana is the only person who has known about the relation between Lena and Alex. As the closest friend of Lena, Hana knows that the greatest threat since her feelings towards Alex even much more than hear and visit the forbidden music concerts as Hana does.

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Hana and Lena often sport around the governor's mansion until the Back Bay, a meeting place for Lena and Alex. In order to help the fight for her love to Alex, Hana often lies to Aunt Carol about Lena who is often stays at her home. Hana always says that she and Lena often learn her together at home and because of Hana’s home is near to school and it is a the biggest reason so they can get permission to stay.

When Lena decides to go to the Wild with Alex, Hana helps the process. Hana always visits Lena in Carol’s home who has sentenced can not go out from the house until the day of Lena’s evaluation. Through Hana, finally Lena can meet with Alex again. Hana just wants to see her friend feel happy with her choice of man on their own without going through the evaluation. Hana does not need to avoid evaluation as Lena, Hana who always has everything. Oliver (2011:392) says, "Of course, she has a life here: a family, a future, a good match."

Hana is the most responsible person for their journey. Hana has also been able to make Lena happy, Hana is a friend who is so kind to Lena. Oliver (2011:392) says, "You and Grace are the only people who matter to me here. Nothing else ---- "

In the end, as one maybe expect. Hana undergoes evaluation well, the results of the evaluation to decide Hana has paired with a son of a government official in Portland. Hana is a new look undergoing evaluation.

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4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

4.1 Conclusion

After analyzing the main characters of Delirium in this paper, characters is one of important elements in novel, besides theme, plot, setting, and point of view.

Characters are the persons of presented in works of narrative who convey their personal qualities through dialogues and action by which the reader or audience understand their through, feelings, intentions, and motives.

Characters can affect the reader and give positive or negative impacts. They may win, lose or lie. He or she may learn and be better for the experience or may miss the point and be unchanged.

In Delirium, there are three main characters. They are are Magdalena Ella Halloway, Alex Sheates and Hana Tate. Delirium is a novel whose theme in its story is love, it tells how the impossibility of a man for not loving other humans. Love is the main thing in human life. Lauren Oliver, author of the novel is a young writer who has written some of the best seller novels like Before I Fall,

Delirium, and others.

By doing hard efforts and working hard in understanding the topic discussion, the writer has been able to complete this paper as one of the requirements to acquire English D-III certificate at University of Sumatera Utara.

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4.2 Suggestions

At the end of this paper, the writer hopes that this paper will make the readers understand more about characters in the Delirium and the readers will be intersted in reading this novel.

This paper can give a clear explanation about characterization to the readers. This paper also can be used as guidance to the other students in analyzing novel, especially the main characters. The writer hopes that other students can analyze other elements of literary works: theme, plot, setting, point of view and especially characterization of Delirium, for It can improve our EnglishThe writer wants to convey the positive message from this novel to the readers. Under any circumstances, there will always be the love that managed to change everything for the better.

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REFERENCES

Abrams,M.H.1981. A Glossary of Literary Term. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.

Barnet, B. 1984. Literature for Compastion. Boston: Little Wrown Company. Eagleton, Terry. 1993. Literary theory. Hongkong: SNP Best-Set Typesetter Ltd. Foster, E.M. 1979. Aspects of Novel, Arnold: Penguin.

Peck, John and Martin Coyle, 1986. Literary Terms and Cristim. Beirut: Longman Group Limited

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 1998. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.

Oliver, Lauren. 2011. Delirium. Harper. Harper Collins Childern’s book. Perrine, Laurence. 1985. Literature: structure, sound and sense. Riverview:

Motor city books.

Roberts, Edgar V and Henry E. Jacobs. 1987. Literature : An Introduction to Reading and Writing. New Jersey : Pretice Hall, Inc.

Sembiring, Matius C.A. 2013. Kompilasi Bahan Kuliah. Medan: USU Press. Sembiring, Matius C.A. 2014. Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa

Inggris. Medan: USU Press.

Shaw, Harry. 1972. Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms. United State of America: Mc Graw- Hill.

Surachman, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Tarsito. Suryabrata. 1984. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Angkasa.

Waston, George, 1979. The story of Novel. London and Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd.

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APPENDICE

SUMMARY OF THE NOVEL

Lena Haloway lives in a world where love is a sickness and a crime. No wonder Lena's scared. In this society, your own emotions can be your enemy.When people turn 18, they get "cured" and they're free to live their lives. And by free we mean they get their education, occupation, spouse, and number of kids chosen for them.And they have no emotions. This freedom doesn't sound very free to us.

On the day of Lena's evaluation—the procedure that will decide everything about her future—the people who live outside of her society (the Invalids) pull a prank: they release a bunch of cows into the evaluation room. Their message is that Lena and her fellow citizens are all a bunch of brainless livestock. After Lena moves out of the way, she ruminates on the implications of the prank. Then she sees a boy watching her from the balcony. He does the unthinkable: he winks at her. Scandalized like a Victorian lady who has just seen an unclothed ankle, Lena just can't get him outta her head. A few days later, on a run with her BFF Hana, she meets the same boy on the docks.

His name is Alex. He's a Cured. He's a guard for the city of Portland, Maine. And he's a total flirt, despite being Cured. Which is kind of perplexing. Lena and Hana have a falling out when Lena discovers that Hana is attending forbidden parties where boys and girls hang out together. But, unable to resist the scandalous appeal of a party, Lena sneaks out and goes to a party anyway. While there, she runs into Alex again. Even though he's cured, they dance.

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However, Lena is soon betrayed. Alex confesses he's not actually cured— while this seems to shock Lena, we're not at all surprised by this development. Anyway, Lena runs away from him. Then, one night, Hana goes to another party. Lena sits this one out, until she hears that the Regulators (whose purpose in this futuristic society is exactly what you think it is) are about to do a raid. Lena sneaks out to the party to warn Hana, but she's too late. The raiders arrive, and Lena's become a tasty snack for an angry attack dog.

Alex saves her, and nurses her back to health. They make up. And he takes his shirt off, which derails Lena's whole train of thought. A few days later, she finds out that Hana lived too. That's a relief. Now she can get back to thinking about Alex's shirtlessness without guilt.

Wanting Lena to see the outside world, Alex sneaks her out into the Wilds—the place where people who have shirked their society's laws live. It's not as scary as she's been led to believe. While there, Lena and Alex read poetry under the stars. However, Lena can't forget that her life has been chosen for her. She's supposed to marry Brian Scharff, who is a total geek. To escape her fate, Lena and Alex decide to run away from Portland and live in the Wilds together.

Their plan gets delayed by two things:

1. Alex realizes that Lena's mother might still be alive in the Crypts, Portland's mental institution. He takes Lena to visit her, but finds out she's escaped.

2. The Regulators catch Lena and Alex engaging in unlawful flirtation. Lena is taken home and restrained, and the date of her cure is moved up.

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Lena waits patiently for Alex to save her, like the princess he's told her she is. If he doesn't save her, Lena has a foolproof back up plan: she'll kill herself. This is foolish, not foolproof. Thankfully for Lena, Alex does save her, and they head for the border on his motorcycle. Pursued by helicopters and men with guns, Lena scales the fence to escape. But Alex doesn't make it. He's shot and captured by the Regulators. He implores Lena to run... and run, she does.

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BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR

Lauren Oliver_{is the author of the YA novel}_{Before I Fall, Delirium,}

Pandemonium, and Requiem, which have been translated into more than thirty languages and are New York Times and international also the author of two novels for middle-grade readers, The Spindlers and Liesl & Po, which was a 2012 E. B. White Read-Aloud Award nominee. Lauren's next YA novel, Panic, will be published on March 4th, 2014 and has been optioned for film by Universal Studios. A graduate of the University of Chicago and NYU's MFA program, Lauren Oliver is also the co-founder of the boutique literary development company Paper Lantern Lit.

Oliver's first book, Before I Fall, was published on March 2, 2010, by HarperCollins in the US, and by Hodder & Stoughton in the UK. The book is about a teenage girl, Sam, who has to go through the last day of her life seven times, each time learning new values and the mysteries surrounding her death. Oliver claims to have written all of it on her BlackBerry while going to meetings

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on the subway. She'd e-mail herself the chapters to later work on them some more. This book is being optioned to be made into a movie by Fox 2000.

Lauren was born in Queens and raised in Westchester, New York, in a small town very similar to the one depicted in Before I Fall. Her parents are both literature professors, and from a very early age, she was encouraged to make up stories, draw, paint, dance around in costumes, and essentially spend much of her time living imaginatively. She pursued literature and philosophy at the University of Chicago, and then moved back to New York to attend NYU’s MFA program in creative writing. She simultaneously began working at Penguin Books, in a young adult division called Razorbill, and while there, she started work on Before I Fall. She left in 2009 to pursue writing full-time, and now happily works at home. Oliver lives in Brooklyn, New York. She is the daughter of true crime writer Harold Schechter.

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REFERENCES

Abrams,M.H.1981. A Glossary of Literary Term. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.

Peck, John and Martin Coyle, 1986. Literary Terms and Cristim. Beirut: Longman Group Limited

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 1998. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.

Oliver, Lauren. 2011. Delirium. Harper. Harper Collins Childern’s book. Perrine, Laurence. 1985. Literature: structure, sound and sense. Riverview:

Motor city books.

Roberts, Edgar V and Henry E. Jacobs. 1987. Literature : An Introduction to Reading and Writing. New Jersey : Pretice Hall, Inc.

Sembiring, Matius C.A. 2013. Kompilasi Bahan Kuliah. Medan: USU Press. Sembiring, Matius C.A. 2014. Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa

Inggris. Medan: USU Press.

Shaw, Harry. 1972. Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms. United State of America: Mc Graw- Hill.

Surachman, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Tarsito. Suryabrata. 1984. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Angkasa.

Waston, George, 1979. The story of Novel. London and Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd.

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APPENDICE

SUMMARY OF THE NOVEL

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Their plan gets delayed by two things:

1. Alex realizes that Lena's mother might still be alive in the Crypts, Portland's mental institution. He takes Lena to visit her, but finds out she's escaped.

2. The Regulators catch Lena and Alex engaging in unlawful flirtation. Lena is taken home and restrained, and the date of her cure is moved up.

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BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR

Lauren Oliver_{is the author of the YA novel}_{Before I Fall, Delirium,}

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on the subway. She'd e-mail herself the chapters to later work on them some more. This book is being optioned to be made into a movie by Fox 2000.

The Analysis of the Main Characters of Delirium by Lauren Oliver