The Procedures of Classroom Action Research
Classroom Action Research and it is done to the students after accomplishing Classroom Action Research.
Furthermore, the writer used semi-structured interview in this research. It means that he has general idea of what is the interview used for and what is expected
to become the result of it, but it has no list of predetermined questions. As David Nunan said in his book “In semi-structured interview, the interviewer has the general
idea of where he or she wants the interview to go, and what should come out of it, but doesn’t enter with a list of predetermined questions. Topic and issues rather than
questions determine the course of the interview”.
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b. Observation The observation is done in order to know what heppen during the teaching
learning process, such as: the teacher’s performance during the action, the students’ attention and response, and the class situation of the teaching Degrees of Comprison
activity. In addition, the writer uses the structured observation sheet which is filled by the real English teacher as an observer. Generally, all of the need aspects that should
be noticed is to make sure whether the teaching learning process in line with the lesson plan or not.
c. Test There are two types of test which are used in this research. The first is the pre-
test which is given to the students before implementing Classroom Action Research. It is used to measure students’ understanding in Degrees of Comparison before using
Substitution Drills technique. And the second is post-test which is aimed to know students’ improvement in understanding Degrees of Comparison after using
Substitution Drill technique. In this case, the tests are given in every second action of each cycle and presented in the form of multiple choices.
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David Nunan, Research Method in Language Learning, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992, p. 149.
d. Questionnaire Other technique in collecting data which is used by the writer is through
questionnaire that is given to the students. David Nunan said that “questionnaire is relatively means of collecting data. It enables the researcher to collect data in field
setting, and the data themselves are more amenable to quantification than discursive data such as free-form field notes, participant observers’ journals and the transcripts
of oral language”.
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The questionnaire in this research is carried out in two sessions; before and after the implementation of Classroom Action Research. Through questionnaire, the
writer would like to know students’ response and experience about the technique used by their English teacher in teaching Degrees of Comparison and also the ideas of
using Substitution Drills technique in learning Degrees of Comparison. Furthermore, the writer used yesno response as the design of the
questionnaire. Each questionnaire consists of ten questions which covers three main categories, they are: the students’ feeling toward understanding Degrees of
Comparison, the implementation of the technique and the effects of Substitution Drills technique to their knowledge improvement of grammar skill; especially in
Degrees of Comparison.