Background of the Study

1

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

According to Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs1993:2 classify prose into fiction prose and non-fiction prose. Fiction is originally meant anything made up or shaped, the prose stories based on the author’s creation and imagination. It includes myths, parables, novels, romances, and short stories. On the other hand, non-fiction is literary works which describe or interpret facts, present judgments, and opinions. It consists of news reports, essays, magazines, newspapers, historical biographical works and many other forms of communication. One of the most important aspects of the major novel is the interaction of contrary. Contradiction among characters makes both figures more real, but the characters also act on one another and develop as a result of these interactions, which is often most of what a main stream novel is about. Character in a novel is not as puzzling as character in real life, a novel is short: it is a work of art, so it is selective character in novel rather as we do in real life; from people’s actions, from what they say about themselves, from what other say about them. According to Roberus and Jacobs 1987:2 “Literature is classified into four genres: prose fiction,poetry,drama,and prose nonfiction.” From the four genres,the writter choosed to discuss that is the prose fiction,exactly on novel.Fiction is distinguished from the works it imitates,such as historical 2 accounts,reports,biographies,autobiographies,letters,and personal memoirs and meditations. Eagleton1983:1says, “There have been various attempts do define literature.You can define it,for example as “imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not really true.But even the briefest reflection on what people commonly include under the heading of literature suggests that this will do.” Literature as imaginative writing is reflected from people thought,that is not really true.Eagleton1983:9 also says “ Literature in the sense of a set of works of assured and unalterable value,distinguished by certain shared inherent properties,does not exist.” In other word,literature work has value of sense that can not be changed. Peck and Coyle 1984:102 say, “Novel reflects a move away from an essentially religious view of life towards a new interest in the complexities of everyday experience. “In other word,they say that most novel are concerned with ordinary people and their problems in the societies in which they find themselves.Some of novels are fictions and some based on true stories.” The novels are entertained and also give meaning messages to the readers.It also can impress the readers. Waston1979:3 says,”Novel is the name of literary kind,and there is a story tell about how,over the centuries,its substance has widened and its conventions changed.” It means that novel is literary work that narrate life story in centuries ago.Novels have significant elements: characters,plots,structures,and themes.Waston1979:3 says, “A novel is a way learning about how things were 3 or are cognitive instrument: and those who distruct stories as evidence should consider how often in conversation we use them to make points or answer question.” It means that we can learn about things were or are cognitive instruments from a novel. Wellek and Warren1971:3 says: “Literature is the mirror of human life that potrays human feeling,thought,imagination and perception which can be viewed based on personal judgement.” In other word,literature constitutes the imaginative act from the human’s imagination and interpreting life- experiences.Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language,deviates systematically from everyday speech.Esten1978:9 says, “Literature is literary or disclosure of the facts artistic and imaginative as a manifestation of human lifeand societythought language as a medium and has a positive effect on human lifehumanity.”

1.2 Problem of the Study