Background of the Study

1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

The need for information and knowledge influence people to explore science from various sources which are expected to provide new knowledge and information they need. However, in reality, there are many books written in foreign languages, especially English language has not been translated into Indonesian. This could be a major obstacle for those who need information, but lack of the ability to translate. Dick Hartoko in the book by A. Widyamartaya said The need of translating books is not a sign of backwardness. But, it is a sign of openness to participate in information exchange.” 1 Translation is the comprehension of the meaning of a text and the subsequent production of an equivalent text, likewise called a translation, that communicates the same message in another language. The text that is translated is called the source text, and the language that it is translated into is called the target language. The product is sometimes called the target text. 2 In other hand, Catford said “Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language TL.” 3 1 A. Widyamartaya, Seni Menerjemahkan Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1989, p. 9 2 http:en.wikipedia.orgwikiTranslation 3 J.C. Catford, A Linguistic Theory of Translation London: Oxford University Press, 1965, p.20. Translating activities have a broad scope of various purposes. They need not only high level of knowledge in linguistics, but also involve the whole aspects of communication, such as knowledge, culture, belief, class, gender, race and so on. Furthermore, in translating, there are many difficulties because of lack of translating technique, vocabularies, sentence structure or less mastered in English language. According to Gorsy Keraf 15:12 in a book written by Salihen Moentaha said: Although Indonesian language can be classified into agglutinative language types, Indonesian language near the analytical language such as English, the fact that both languages have grammatical relationships showed with syntactic words, word order and suprasegmental units pressure, tone, intonation. Nevertheless, both languages are different in lexical composition system, grammatical system…… 4 In this case, the writer wanted to discuss the translation of two word verbs, or also commonly referred as phrasal verbs. “An idiom is a group of words, and often difficult to understand from the individual words. Many of them are phrasal verbs separable and inseparable. The separable verbs are usually followed with particle expression: up, down, on, off, in, out, away, back, over; while the inseparable ones are followed with prepositional expressions: on, at, to, from, for, of, into.” 5 Two word verbs or phrasal verbs themselves are familiar for people or students who like watching movies, reading a novel or a newspaper using English. They were often used in conversation. Two word verbs or phrasal verbs have different meanings of words that formed it, so translators must understand the context, do not immediately translate a word for word or 4 Salihen Moentaha, Bahasa dan Terjemahan Bekasi: Kesaint Blanc, 2006, p.13. 5 Robert Krohn, English Sentence Structure Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1977, p. 121. literally. The difficulties in lexical transfer are caused by Indonesian translators who often divert words, phrases, idiomatic expressions, figurative expressions, and proverbs without context.” 6 The writer wants to give some examples or a description of problems that often occur when phrasal verbs are translated from English into Indonesian in English Letters Department students:

1. John asked Susie for a cup of tea. John menawarkan secangkir teh kepada Susie.

The correct translation: John meminta secangkir teh kepada Susie. 2. I usually get on the bus at the station. Saya biasanya menunggu bis di terminal. The correct translation: Saya biasanya naik bis di terminal. 3. If you really like Jane, take her out. Jika kamu benar-benar menyukai Jane, ambillah dia. The correct translation: Jika kamu benar-benar menyukai Jane, ajaklah ia kencan. 4. You must look after Andi today. Kamu harus mencari Andi hari ini. The correct translation: Kamu harus menjaga Andi hari ini. 6 Frans Sayogie, Penerjemahan Bahasa Inggris ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia Jakarta: Lembaga Penelitian UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2008, p. 71.

5. We have a lot of things to answer for. Kita punya banyak hal yang harus dijawab.

The correct translation: Kita punya banyak hal yang harus dipertanggungjawabkan. The importance of learning and understanding more about phrasal verbs is the reason for the writer choosing this topic. This study can lead the translators be more observant in translating phrasal verbs.

B. Focus of the Study