Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII
274
2. Pembuatan Isotop Radioaktif dari Reaksi Inti
,7:?E7AJ? :7F7J :?FHE:KAI? C;B7BK? IK7JK H;7AI? ?DJ? FHEI;I F;C8;DJKA7D ?IEJEF 87HK N7D= H7:?E7AJ? ?JK :?B7AKA7D :;D=7D
F;D;C87A7D ?IEJEF N7D= IJ78?B :;D=7D IK7JK F7HJ?A;B -;87=7? 9EDJE ?IEJEF H7:?E7AJ?
K :?F;HEB; :7H? F;D;C87A7D ?IEJEF IJ78?B K
EB; D;KJHED :;D=7D H;7AI? D
K K
3. Reaksi Berantai
;D;C87A7D D;KJHED F7:7 KH7D?KC
?DJ? N7D= J;H8;DJKA :7H? F;D7D=A7F7D D;KJHED J;HI;8KJ J?:7A IJ78?B I;?D==7 I;=;H7 J;H8;B7
C;D7:? ?DJ??DJ? N7D= B;8? H?D=7D 7I?B F;C8;B77D 7:7B7 I;87=7? 8;H?AKJ
D 2; -H D D+
IEJEF 2; :7D
-H 7:7B7?IEJEF?IEJEFN7D=J?:7AIJ78?B:;D=7D C;C7D97HA7D I?D7H
;CF7J A7B? 8;HJKHKJJKHKJ ?IEJEF 2; 7A?HDN7
8;HK87 C;D7:? ; N7D= IJ78?B ;C?A?7D K=7
-H C;D7:? ?IEJEF IJ78?B
2; :;D=7DC;C7D97HA7DI?D7H :K7A7B?8;HJKHKJJKHKJ ,;7AI?
N7D= :;C?A?7D :?I;8KJ C;HKF7A7D ;D;H=? N7D=
:?B;F7IA7D :7B7C 8;DJKA A7BEH 7:7H;7AJEHDKAB?HD;KJHED9;F7J:?A;D:7B?A7DI;?D==7J?:7AJ;HB7BK
87DN7AD;KJHEDN7D=J;HB?87J:7B7CH;7AI??DJ? 7CKD:7B7C8EC7JEC D;KJHED9;F7J?D?J?:7AJ;HA;D:7B?I;?D==7J;H8;DJKAB;:7A7DN7D=I7D=7J
:7IN7J
4. Reaksi Fisi
;D;CK7DH;7AI??I?DKAB?H8;H7M7B:7H?;AIF;H?C;D?DJ;H7AI?D;KJHED :;D=7DKH7D?KC .?=7A;BECFEAA;H7N7D=8;H7I?BC;D;CKA7D?I?DKAB?H
7:7B7 485 +83 ;2+: ;88+ : :7D :: .4:89934
F7:7 ;H;A7C;D=7J7A7D87M7F;D7D=A7F7DD;KJHEDEB;IK7JK ?DJ? KH7D?KC 7A7D C;C8;H?A7D =7N7 F7:7 ;D;H=? F;HCKA77D I;?D==7
?DJ? 7A7D J;H8;B7 :K7 :;D=7D C7II7 I;87D:?D= ;CKD=A?D7D B7?D ?DJ? J;H;AI?J7I? :7D C;D=7I?BA7D F;BKHK7D =7CC7 7B ?D? :?I;8KJ
;H7J?A7D 38 38
C;CF;HB?7JA7D ?DJ? N7D= J;H8;DJKA
J?:7A IJ78?B :7D I;=;H7 J;H8;B7 C;D7:? ?DJ??DJ? B;8? H?D=7D N7D= IJ78?B
7I7D=7DF7I7D=7D N7D= J;H7:? F7:7 ?I? J?:7A C;DKDKAA7D
F7I7D=7D N7D= A7I J;J7F? C;HKF7A7D I7JK :7H? A;CKD=A?D7D N7D= J;H7:? :? 7DJ7H7DN7
H 7
D -H
7 D
4H .;
D
:7D I;J;HKIDN7 7:7 7CF?H I;CK7 H;7AI? ?I? J;H7:? F;D=KH7D=7D C7II7 I;A?J7H
IC7 8;H7HJ? Q B;8? 8;I7H :7H?F7:7 C7II7 N7D= ?B7D= F7:7 I;CK7 ;D?IH;7AI?F;BKHK7DDN7I;87=7?9EDJE?I?
:;D=7DD;KJHEDB7C87J C;D=7I?BA7D ?DJ?
E :7D
7 7II7 N7D= ?B7D= :7D ;D;H=? N7D= :?7I?BA7D :??JKD= I;87=7? 8;H?AKJ
U n
inti bulatan
Gambar 10.19
Diagram reaksi berantai
Gambar 10.20
Pada reaksi pembelahan inti, jumlah neutron bertambah
pada setiap tingkatan. inti U-235
reaksi fisi U-235 memunculkan
2 neutron neutron
pertama reaksi fisi kedua
menghasilkan 4 neutron
Sumber: Physics for ‘O’ Level, 1990
DIUNDUH DARI: WWW.BUKUPAKET.COM Sumber buku bse.kemdikbud.go.id
Fisika Inti dan Radioaktivitas
275
D E
7 D
K D
P
E 7
D
P
IC7 D;H=? ?I?DN7 ;0
IC7
;0
IC7
IC7 ;0
7I?B F;C8;B77D ?DJ? KH7D?KC C;D=7I?BA7D D;KJHED N7D= 87HK I7CF7?D;KJHEDC7A77A7D:7F7JJ;H7:?FHEI;I?I?8;H7DJ7? ;KJHED
D;KJHED 7I?B F;C8;B77D ?DJ? 7A7D C;D=;D7?
P
N7D= B7?D :7D C;D?C8KBA7D H;7AI? N7D= I7C7 I;97H7 8;H7DJ7?
5. Reaksi Fusi
Kategori