Related Studies THEORETICAL REVIEW

51 2013 says that media enrich teacher resources and aids. A teacher becomes more creative in delivering teaching material to the children since it is given in many different ways. Media also enable the teacher to use creative and innovative ways in helping the students to reach learning objectives. Whereas for the students, media are helpful in creating a livelier and fun class since the activity does not only focus on the teacher’s preach or explanation. The students are also stimulated to think analytically since they get the knowledge not directly from the teacher. Media have a big chance in facilitating the students’ different learning styles since they appear in many different forms. Instructional media can be classified based on the sensory channels that included, namely audio, visual and audio-visual media Ohm, 2010 Audio media are those instructional media which involve the sense of hearing. The researcher categorizes them into audio recording, drama, news report and song. Visual media are those media which involve the sense of sight and cover picture, flashcard and chart. While audio-visual are those media which involve both sense of hearing and sight. In this particular study, the researcher divides them into three, video, film and TV program. Those media are helpful for English teacher since they are applicable in English language teaching. The availability of media becomes meaningless if they cannot be well applied by the teacher. The teacher in fact, will be able to use media if they have a good perception of the media. Perception, according to Gibson 1985 is a cognitive process that individual uses to interpret and understand the world around himher. In order to be able to interpret and understand, he she has to translate the signal that he she receives through some process namely, observing, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 52 comprehending and responding. In sum, teachers’ perceptions toward media depend on how they process every single thing about media through their senses. There are three aspects that can guide us in analysing teachers’ perceptions, they are understanding, view and action Vernon, 1987 It means, teachers’ perceptions of instructional media can be seen through how he she understand the media, how he she view the media and also how his her action toward the media. Thus, to answer the problem formulation of this study, the researcher uses some points as the guidelines. The researcher gathers the data in order to answer the question about teachers’ perceptions of ELT media by looking deeper to the teachers’ understanding, view and action toward media. The concept of media, their benefit, and classification will help the researcher to examine the teachers’ understanding of media. Knowing the teachers’ views about media is also useful in this study. It can be gathered by asking about how the teacher personally sees the media, what kind of impact do the media bring for both the teacher and the students. The researcher also investigates the use of ELT media by asking the frequency of media used in the classroom, whether to assist the teachers in improving the students’ listening, speaking, reading or writing skills. 53

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methodology and the procedures which are conducted in the research. It is important for the study since it elaborates the appropriate steps of how to answer the research questions systematically. The discussion covers five sections, they are 1 research method, 2 research respondents 3 research instruments, 4 data gathering techniques, and 5 data analysis techniques.

A. Research Method

In conducting this study, the researcher designed a survey research. As the objective of this study is to investigate teachers’ perceptions of ELT media, the researcher needs a method that is able to make the result of this study represents the population of English teachers of junior high school. According to Wiersma 1995, a survey is used to answer the study which is related to social and emotional aspects. Undoubtedly, perception relates to those two aspects, someone’s perception is influenced by his her environment and his her way of living in the society. In fact, Lodico et. al. 2006 explain that survey research is conducted to gather opinion, beliefs or perceptions about the current issue for a large group of people. So the survey is the best choice to be used as the method in this particular study.

B. Research Respondents

The respondents of this study were 30 English teachers who work in the city of Yogyakarta. The researcher decides to take those teachers who work in the city of Yogyakarta because of the consideration of time and financial constraint. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 54 There were 14 junior high schools included in this study. As a respondent in this study, the number of the teachers is different from one school to another. There is only one respondent from SMP BOPKRI 5 and SMP Joannes Bosco. Two respondents are taken from SMPN 1, SMPN 9, SMPN 12, SMPN 15, SMPN 16, SMP Pangudi Luhur 1, SMP Stella Duce 1, SMP Stella Duce 2, SMP Kristen Kalam Kudus, and SMP Kanisius Gayam. Three respondents are taken from SMP Maria Immaculata Marsudirini and five respondents are taken from SMPN 5. Thus, as the total, there are 30 English teachers from 14 different junior high schools in the city of Yogyakarta. The researcher only chose the junior high schools which are A-accredited. The reason to do so is that those schools fulfill all eight educational standards published by The Board of Culture and Education Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan=Depdikbud. The educational standards include: standard of content Standar Isi, standard of process Standar Proses, standard of graduate competence Standar Kompetensi Lulusan, standard of educator and educational staff Standar Pendidikdan Tenaga Kependidikan, standard of facilities Standar Sarana dan Prasarana, standard of management Standar Pengelolaan, standard of funding Standar Pembiayaan, and standard of evaluation Standar Penilaian.

C. Research Instruments

The researcher used questionnaire and interview as the instruments of this particular study. The researcher employed quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were taken from close-ended questionnaire while the qualitative data were taken from interview result. Ary et. al. 2002 state that utilizing