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treatment. For vertebral compressions, an orthopaedic intervention such as
kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty can be a treatment option.
11. Strategies of Osteoporosis Reduction
The eight main
strategies enhance the potential for sustainable behavior and system changes that reduce the burden of osteoporosis and
improve the quality of life for patients. These strategies have to be designed and coordinated that efforts in one area e.g. professional
education reinforce efforts in other areas e.g. public education. The strategies are as follows: promote bone health and prevent osteoporosis as
primary prevention, detect osteoporosis early and provide evidence-based treatment both as secondary prevention, integrate fracture care,
rehabilitation and osteoporosis management and promote self-management and falls prevention both as tertiary prevention, promote evidence-based
practice, develop and transfer new knowledge and provide leadership. Osteoporosis
and the resultant fractures cause severe suffering and have a devastating impact on quality of life and healthcare costs. The
osteoporosis action plan attempts to reduce the burden of osteoporosis at all stages in the continuum of care of health promotion primary
prevention, diagnosis and treatment secondary prevention, and fracture care, rehabilitation and falls prevention tertiary prevention. It requires the
active involvement of health professionals, the public, patients, facilities and organizations. The action plan recommends a health promotion and
public education campaign to promote bone health, early diagnosis and perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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management of osteoporosis. Health professional education promotes appropriate utilization of BMD tests and preventative drug therapies.
Changes in ministry processes ensure that people have improved access to BMD testing and effective osteoporosis drug therapies. A self-
management network helps people with or at high risk of osteoporosis to manage their condition and enjoy the best possible quality of life. A
province-wide fracture clinic intervention improves prevention, diagnosis and treatment for patients with fragility fractures. Five multidisciplinary
teams in Academic Health Science Centers across the province provide better-integrated care for complex osteoporosis cases. Rehabilitation pilot
projects test evidence-based service delivery models to help improve care. There are abundant researches supporting the fact that osteoporosis
is preventable Lengacher and Sellers, 2000. Yet several studies indicate that a significant number of women do not have adequate knowledge about
osteoporosis, the associated risk factors and preventive behaviors Terrio and Auld, 2002. Weiss and Sankaran 1998 conducted a study at
Pennsylvania University with 144 college-age sorority women that examined knowledge, attitude and behavior toward osteoporosis
prevention. The survey analysis revealed generally poor knowledge about osteoporosis and prevention strategies but strong desire for information
about the disease and preventive behaviors. Only 46 of their respondents correctly identified physical inactivity as a risk factor for developing
osteoporosis. Thus, more than half of the young and at-risk women perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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surveyed were unaware of one of the most critical risk factors for osteoporosis; therefore conducting an osteoporosis education program is
beneficial for college-aged women.
12. Physical Activity
