Description Data RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Description Data

Based on the results of the analysis using descriptive statistics, obtained by the following analysis: Table IV.1 Description Data Statistics 43 43 43 43 43 43 1.47 44.30 1.58 23.523 2.74 3.07 1.00 44.00 1.00 23.000 2.00 3.00 1 43 a 1 18.0 2 4 .505 3.136 .763 5.9271 1.482 .961 .255 9.835 .583 35.130 2.195 .924 1 40 1 16.0 1 1 2 52 3 34.5 5 4 1.00 42.00 1.00 18.000 1.00 2.00 1.00 44.00 1.00 23.000 2.00 3.00 2.00 46.00 2.00 29.000 4.00 4.00 2.00 49.60 3.00 32.400 5.00 4.00 Valid Missing N Mean Median Mode St d. Dev iation Variance Minimum Maximum 25 50 75 90 Percentiles NAME OF HOSPITAL AGE RACE BMI SOCIAL CLASS LEVEL OF EDUCATION Mult iple modes exist. The smallest v alue is shown a. commit to user 58 Table IV.2 Description Data Continue The following results were also obtained data in the form of a histogram, a histogram based image following research categories: Figure IV.1 Name of Hospital Based on the above data it is known that there are two basic, namely UKMMC and UMMC. The second highest frequency of hospital UKMMC are in hospital, 23 patients with osteoporosis. Statistics 43 43 43 43 43 43 1.26 1.51 1.44 1.79 2.28 2.21 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 1 2 1 1 1 3 .441 .506 .765 .965 1.161 .833 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 4 4 3 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 Valid Missing N Mean Median Mode St d. Dev iation Minimum Maximum 25 50 75 90 Percent iles EARLY MENOPAUSE AGE MEDICAL HISTORY SMOKING HABI T DRI NKING HABI T DRUG HISTORY BMD NAME OF HOSPITAL 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Frequency 40 30 20 10 NAME OF HOSPITAL Mean =1.47 Std. Dev. =0.505 N =43 commit to user 59 Figure IV.2 Age Based on the above data it is known that there were 43 patients with osteoporosis, which ranges from age 40 to 52 years. Of the frequency obtained an average age of 44.3 years. Figure IV.3 Race RACE 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Frequency 25 20 15 10 5 RACE Mean =1.58 Std. Dev. =0.763 N =43 AGE 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 Frequency 8 6 4 2 AGE Mean =44.3 Std. Dev. =3.136 N =43 commit to user 60 Based on the above data it is known that there are 3 categories of races with osteoporosis, the races of Malaysia Malay, Chinese and Indians. From the data obtained that the Malay race is in the highest frequency, with 25 persons. Figure IV.4 BMI Based on the above data it is known that there are 3 categories of BMI in kgm2, ie, underweight 16-18.5, Normal 18.5-25 and overweight 25- 35. From the data obtained that the overweight category are in the highest frequency, with 19 persons. BMI 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 Frequency 10 8 6 4 2 BMI Mean =23.52 Std. Dev. =5.927 N =43 commit to user 61 Figure IV.5 Social Class Based on the above data it is known that there are five categories of social class, namely Professional, Intermediate occupation, service worker, Industrial worker and Unemployed. From the data obtained that the occupation is in the Intermediate category of the highest frequency, with 12 persons. Figure IV.6 Level of Education LEVEL OF EDUCATION 5 4 3 2 1 Frequency 20 15 10 5 LEVEL OF EDUCATION Mean =3.07 Std. Dev. =0.961 N =43 SOCIAL CLASS 6 5 4 3 2 1 Frequency 12 10 8 6 4 2 SOCIAL CLASS Mean =2.74 Std. Dev. =1.482 N =43 commit to user 62 Based on the above data it is known that there are 4 categories of level of education, including Uneducated Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. From the data obtained that the Tertiary category are in the highest frequency, with 19 persons. Figure IV.7 Early Menopause Age Based on the above data it is known that there are two categories of early menopause age, the Early menopause before 45 Yrs. Old and Normal menopause after 45 Yrs. Old. From the data obtained that the category Early menopause before 45 Yrs. Old were in the highest frequency, with 32 persons. EARLY MENOPAUSE AGE 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Frequency 40 30 20 10 EARLY MENOPAUSE AGE Mean =1.26 Std. Dev. =0.441 N =43 commit to user 63 Figure IV.8 Medical History Based on the above data it is known that there are two categories of medical history, namely Often and seldom. From the data obtained a medical history that is in the category of highest frequency, with 22 persons. Figure IV.9 Smoking Habit Based on the above data it is known that there are four categories of SMOKING HABIT 5 4 3 2 1 Frequency 30 20 10 SMOKING HABIT Mean =1.44 Std. Dev. =0.765 N =43 MEDICAL HISTORY 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Frequency 40 30 20 10 MEDICAL HISTORY Mean =1.51 Std. Dev. =0.506 N =43 commit to user 64 smoking habits, ie, Non-smoker, smoker Light, Moderate and Heavy smoker smoker. From the data obtained that the category of non-smoker is in the highest frequency, with 30 persons. Figure IV.10 Drinking Habit Based on the above data it is known that there are four categories of drinking habits, namely Never, Light, Moderate and Heavy. From the data obtained that the category of never drinking were in the highest frequency, with 22 persons. DRINKING HABIT 5 4 3 2 1 Frequency 25 20 15 10 5 DRINKING HABIT Mean =1.79 Std. Dev. =0.965 N =43 commit to user 65 Figure IV.11 Drug History Based on the above data it is known that there are four categories of drug history, ie, Glucocorticoids, Antiplatelets Heparin, Warferin, Antiepileptic Phenytoin, Phenobarbital and Immunosuppressant. From the data obtained that glucocorticoids are in the category of highest frequency, with 15 persons. DRUG HISTORY 5 4 3 2 1 Frequency 15 10 5 DRUG HISTORY Mean =2.28 Std. Dev. =1.161 N =43 commit to user 66 Figure IV.12 BMD Based on the above data it is known that there are 3 categories of BMD, ie, Low, Moderate and High. From the data obtained that the high category at the level of osteoporosis of the sample were in the highest frequency, with 20 persons.

B. Result of the Research