converted to a digital signal which then makes the image.
61
Literally is elemen yg mengubah sinyal fisik menjadi sinyal elektronik yg dibutuhkan komputer.
62
The translation uses “adoption” procedure, because Indonesia itself has no
words which have the same form and meaning with it before, so the editor is put from English word directly. Generally it is borrowing procedure and the text of translation
becomes easier to understand with TL reader. Though, it is international word but Indonesia already has this word as its language.
2. Borrowing Word for Loan Blend and Its Procedures
The analysis of borrowing word for loan blend and its procedures will be discussed here:
a. SL: Compensation
Digital Camera World TL: Compensation
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Compensation
in the sentence “so be prepared to dialed in positive exposure compensation to keep things bright
” is translated into “jadi bersiaplah untuk mengaplikasikan exposure compensation positif agar foto tetap terang
”. This synonym must be kompensasi with adding suffix
“i”, because any word that come from English language that has suffix
–tion it should be adding “i” as Indonesian word anomaly structure not still compensation. This borrowing word for loan blend is
61
Paul L.G, Morris, op. cit., p. 8
62
Hasan Alwi, op. cit., p. 1039
experiencing blending form into kompensasi with experience anomaly “sasi”, so the
type of borrowing is loan blend. In the Oxford Dictionary, this word has no explanation with the collocation, it is written just as exposure which has the meaning
a length of film in a camera that is used to take a photograph, or as the length of time for which light is allowed to reach the film when taking a photograph.
63
The pr ocedure that appeared is “adaptation” procedure that changing the
form but has the resemble pronunciation. Ganti rugi is the literal translation for that SL phrase but this cannot be used for the translator because the reader may confuse
with the meaning of the TL text. Moreover, this phrase had patented on camera, then, it makes someone still uses the SL phrase as hisher translations.
b. SL : Portraits Digital Camera World
TL: Portrait Digital Camera Indonesia
The word Portraits is the title of the page 10 Things theme, so it has no sentence on it. The right translation is potret not portrait
even loosing suffix “s”. this borrowing word for loan blend was experiencing form into different form but has
resemble pronunciation. This type of word found because in TL sentence it is wrong form, so the right form of TL should put in into TL translation sentence. So, the right
translation can gain right.
63
Sally Wehmeier, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. London: Oxford University,
2000, p. 464
Portrait word is similar with the TL meaning and use “adaptation” procedure
as its kinds of anomaly. By the translator, it has the same meaning but different spelling. I
t is just fading “s” and changing form word. So, the translator directly uses this word as its translation, with adaptation procedure and without watching the word
class, except it becomes singular word from plural in SL. The Digital Camera Indonesia’s translator is directly uses this word as its text of translation under the
cloak of maintaining the means of SL. In sketchy point of view, the word portrait is pronounceable because it is common word to speak.
c. SL : Lens Digital Camera World
TL: Lensa Digital Camera Indonesia
The word Lens “I decide to use my extreme wide-angle lens” is translated into
“saya memutuskan untuk menggunakan lensa extreme wide-angle”. This borrowing word for loan blend type has experienced into lensa as its synonym in bahasa. It is a
curve piece of glass or plastic that makes things look larger, smaller or clearer when you look through it.
64
Indonesian said kaca
65
that means benda yg keras, biasanya bening dan mudah pecah untuk jendela, botol, dsb
66
. The translation found that th
e right procedure is “adaptation” procedure that experiencing blending form into lensa. For general procedure it is calque that better
64
Ibid, p. 768
65
Dendy Sugono, Thesaurus Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa, Jakarta: Depdiknas, 2008, p. 289
66
Hasan Alwi , op. cit., p. 485
use. Since Indonesian borrows this word, it has no more equivalence in bahasa for photograph area, except the word lensa. It has same meaning but different spelling
because lens has one syllable, whereas lensa has two syllables. Kaca does not use for photograph, it is more appropriate to use lensa for calling a lens.
d. SL: Landscapes
Digital Camera World TL: Lanskap
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Landscapes is one of the page 10 Things of the magazine on it
has no sentence on it. The translation is lanskap because in KBBI, word landscape has its synonym with lanskap.
67
This borrowing word for loan blend changes into singular word in bahasa. It means button to hold the camera in its normal orientation
to make a horizontally oriented photograph or commonly said as landscape mode.
68
According to Oxford Dictionary, landscape is a painting of a view of the countryside; this style of painting.
69
In Indonesia means tata ruang di luar gedung untuk mengatur pemandangan alam: or jumlah total aspek setiap daerah, baik pedesaan
maupun kota.
70
The word lanskap is borrowed from English in “adaptation” procedure, but it
has experienced into lanskap that shows this word has calque procedure in general translation, which experiencing blending word form, that changing as singular word,
67
Ibid, p. 468
68
Dennis P. Curtin, An Extension to The Textbook of Digital Photography. Massachusetts: Short Courses, 2007, p. 5
69
Sally Wehmeier, op. cit., p. 751
70
Hasan Alwi, op. cit, p. 637
this word does not have collocation in any TL, and having the same meaning and spelling, that word means panoramic viewing of nature or impression of culture.
e. SL : Memory card
Digital Camera World TL: Kartu memori
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Memory card
in the sentence “but record a color version of the image on the memory card for convention later
” is translated into “tapi merekam versi berwarna dari foto pada kartu memori untuk nantinya dikonversi
”. It has the right synonym, and the sentence has a good form. The editor uses kartu memori
because this word has been familiar around the people. It is use to memory card for handphone, camera, and so on. This borrowing word is the type of loan shift that
experienced shifts in TL form but has the same meaning. Memory card is the part of computer where information is stored; the amount
of space in a computer for storing information.
71
The translation procedure that found is
“translation” procedure which according to Imam and Dendy.
72
If this word does not separate, the translation is never existed. Indonesia has this phrase as its own
language. So, literal translation procedure in general form becomes the best way to investigate this word. However, kartu memori is new for Indonesian language.
71
Sally Wehmeier, op. cit., p. 833
72
Dendy Sugono, op. cit. p. 124
f. SL: Focus
Digital Camera World TL: Fokus
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Focus in sentence
is “use wider apertures and selective focus” is transalted into “menggunakan aperture lebar dan fokus selektif”. The synonym is
focus that the translation has the right word. This borrowing word for laon blend has experienced into fokus
changing letter “c” in SL into “k” in TL but the meaning is same. Focus in Oxford, is to aim rays of light onto a particular point using a lens.
73
Indonesian says fokus as substitution of focus in English. Fokus is titik atau daerah kecil tempat berkas cahaya mengumpul atau menyebar setelah berkas cahaya itu
menimpa sebuah cermin atau lensa, berkas cahaya yg datang berada dl keadaan paralel dng sumbu cermin atau lensa itu.
74
This translation procedure is “adaptation” that changing one letter to different
form. The meaning from SL to TL has the same meaning and spelling. The word fokus is used to many writing text and one of the words in Indonesian dictionary. The
word focus has been already inside the camera text as a guide to take a photograph. So, this translation is useful for understanding the translation text of photography
because of the similarity of meaning text.
g. SL : Macro
DigitaL Camera World TL : Makro
Digital Camera Indonesia
73
Sally Wehmeier, op. cit., p. 519
74
Hasan Alwi, op. cit., p. 319
The word Macro in the sentence “the typical approach when shooting macros
subjects is to use smaller apertures ” is translated into “cara yang umum digunakan
ketika merekam objek makro adalah menggunakan aperture lebih kecil ”. The
synonym is makro in TL. So, it includes loan blend type of borrowing word. Nikon often calls macro lenses Micro.
75
Macro in bahasa is makro, where “c” is substitute
with “k”, this is same with focus and fokus word. It is found because Indonesia has been already used this word but it was experiencing blending form.
The procedure becomes “adaptation” with the result is makro, this borrowing
word is experiencing anomaly structure blending situation, so it becomes makro not macro anymore. The editor uses calque procedure in general to translate this word.
He does not use borrowing procedure because Indonesian has equivalence as same as its meaning.
h. SL : Extreme
Digital Camera World TL : Extreme
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Extreme in the sentence
“I decided to use my extreme wide-angle lense
” is translated into “saya memutuskan untuk menggunakan lensa extreme wide angle
”. The word synonym is ekstrem with changing consonant “X” with combine consonant “KS” and loosing the vocal letter e in the ending of TL word. This word
includes loan bled type of borrowing word changing some letters in TL translation.
76
75
Paul L.G, Morris, op. cit., p. 7
76
Hasan alwi, op. cit., p. 367
The editor should be used ekstrem as Indonesian synonym, because the word has already been absorption form into ekstrem. Furthermore, the meaning is same with
the SL word. The data analysis used
“adaptation” as its procedure, the sentence meaning does not change far away because word extreme has ekstrem as TL translation that
clearly have the same meaning. So the translation is easier to understand. However, the whole translation text in this section is clearly understandable with this ordinary
word of many texts.
i. SL : Reflectors
Digital Camera World TL: Reflektor
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Reflectors
in sentence “Use reflectors to bounce light into darker areas
” is translated into “Gunakan reflektor untuk memantulkan cahaya pada area gelap
”. This word is camera device and it is one of international words. According to KBBI reflektor is benda yang memantulkan cahaya suara atau panas.
77
, this word as loan blend type has experienced blending f
orm of original word, because “c” in original word is turned “k” in target word and even if it‟s plural, any word become
singular in Indonesia because there is no additional meaning if plural word from English become singular in bahasa. The reason is, any plural word from English in
this modern era always said singular in melayu language that used by Indonesian.
77
Hasan Alwi, op. cit., p. 939
The editor reason for using reflektor is no option left to use word that defending meaning of reflectors more than reflektor itself. If the editor uses literal
translation, of course, it becomes pemantul. He uses “adaptation” procedure in
translation magazine for reflektor. Reflectors has equivalence in bahasa, it was reflektor. Meaning and spelling do not have a change, however, there is substitution
of word “c” in reflectors English become “k” in reflektor Indonesia. Reflektor does not have collocation, it is independent. So it does not need it or something else.
j. SL : Resolution
Digital Camera World TL : Resolusi
Digital Camera Indonesia The word Resolution in sentence
“worrying about the detail of sensor resolution and lens quality
” is translated into “mengkhawatirkan tentang detail resolusi sensor dan kualitas lensa
”. Resolution becomes resolusi with adding suffix “si” in Indonesia.
78
Resolusi is putusan atau kebulatan pendapat berupa permintaan atau tuntutan yang ditetapkan oleh rapat musyawarah, sidang.
79
Literal translation is not the right method in this text. In other word, resolution is the power of a
computer screen, printer, etc., to give a clear image, depending on the size of the dots that make up the image.
80
The translator uses “adaptation” procedure to translate the word because in
target language that word has the equivalence. Resolusi from target language is loan
78
John M. Echols and Hasan Sadily, op. cit, p. 481
79
Hasan Alwi, op. cit., p. 952
80
Sally Wehmeier, op. cit., p.1132
word from English because meaning is equal, however, the spelling is experiencing blending form. It is the culture of Indonesian in reducing the word from other
language, such as television becomes televisi, communication becomes komunikasi, action becomes aksi, and so on. Therefore, this translation is acceptable text that
makes reader is easier to understand.
3. Borrowing Word for Loan Shift and Its Procedures
