25
have empathy whenever they see other people suffering because of them. However, people with antisocial personality disorder do not have that kind of feeling because
they are mostly callous.
E. Previous Research Findings
This thesis is not the first thesis to analyze personality disorder of a character in a literary work. There have been many researchers who aim to analyze personality
disorder of character in literary works by using various approaches. However, each of the researches is different from one to another because the subject of the research is
different. This thesis is different from other researches that aim to analyze personality disorder because it uses psychological approach and DSM-IV to identify the
personality disorder of the character. A research about psychological problem has been written by Agustina Tri
Widayati in 2013 entitled “Frank’s Hedonistic Lust and Pleasure-Seeking Behavior in Abagnale’s Catch Me if You Can: A Psychoanalysis Approach”. In her thesis,
Widayati attempts to analyze the psychological problem of Frank, the main character of “Catch Me if You Can” movie. She applies Freud’s psychoanalysis approach in
order to reveal the relation between his imbalanced system of personality and the manifestation of malicious traits within Frank. In this research, it is revealed that
Frank suffers psychopathy disorder which is also part of personality disorder. Another research that applied similar approach is the one conducted by Terry
Perdanawati in 2010 entitled “Lavinia’s Personality Disorder as the Effect of
26
Imbalanced Personality in Eugene O’Neill’s Mourning Becomes Electra”. This research attempts to reveal personality disorder suffered by Lavinia and also the
defense mechanism found in the literary work. Perdanawati also tries to reveal the cause of Lavinia’s personality disorder. In order to find the answer to the objectives
of the research, Perdanawati applies Freud’s psychoanalysis approach to reveal the imbalanced personality of Lavinia which becomes the reason why she suffers
personality disorder. Another research that focuses on personality disorder of character in literary
work is a thesis written by Fadhilah Atikah in 2014 entitled “Count Olaf’s Antisocial Personality Disorder in Handler’s A Series of Unfortunate Events”. In this research,
Atikah attempts to analyze the personality disorder of Count Olaf, the main character of A Series of Unfortunate Events. Unlike the other two mentioned before, Atikah
applies psychological theory from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition DSM-IV. This manual is published by American
Psychiatric Association as the guide for psychiatrics to diagnose any kind of mental disorder suffered by a person. Based on this research, Count Olaf shows the diagnosis
of antisocial personality disorder which makes him to be a psychopath. The previous research findings above analyze similar topic which is
personality disorder. However, the researches above are different from the researcher’s analysis because the researcher uses psychological approach and DSM-
IV to analyze Amy Dunne in Flynn’s Gone Girl. This research aims to analyze the
