In English, there is no one formal criteria that can be used for a general definition of compounding, because the relation of their element is different.
For example: blackbird = black+bird Black is an adjective that means the very darkest color like coal, while bird is
a noun, means a feathered animal with two wings and two legs. If we combine these two words black and bird. They become blackbird which means of the family of any
bird. Compounding has its own special stress pattern. So the word, for example;
‘white house’ are noun phrase in which ‘white’ describes ‘house’, while white house, with more stress on ‘white’ is a compound.
2.3 Review of Related Study
In supporting the idea of this analysis, some relevant books and thesis have been collected. All these books have given contribution to the writing of this thesis.
Some definitions, opinions, and findings from relevant books and thesis are quoted as follows:
Bloomfield 1933 says, “A free form which consists of two or lesser free form as, for instance, poor John or John ran away, is a phrase. A free form which is
not a phrase is a word. A word is then a free form which does not consist entirely of two or lesser free form: in brief a word is minimum free form.”
While, Muchtar 2007 mentions that affixes are the process of forming word that is a morpheme that is attached to a free morpheme or bound morpheme.
Besides it, in analyzing this study, the writer also reads relevance study done by Mulyani 2004. In her study, the result of analysis concludes that affixes in
English can be subdivided into prefix and suffix. The form of prefix a-, in-, de-, co-
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con-cor-, mis-, re-, im-, pre-,sub-, under-, un-, en-, over-, dis-, fore-, non-, out-, ir-, and pro- do not change the form when they are attached to base form, and in its
distribution, they can be attached to noun, adjective, verb, or adverb base form. Those prefixes also do not change the function. While most of suffixes such as –
ment, -tion, -al, - ful, - ary, and ly, change the form if attached to base form. Syam 2009 also concludes in his thesis that most of suffixes change the
form and function if they attached to the base forms. Prefix pre-, re-, a-, al-, in-, un-, dis-, mis-, be-, im-, under-, en-, over-, out-, and fore, do not change the form when
they are attached to the base forms. Syam took a novel as the source of the data for his study. Therefore, his study gives more contribution in helping the writing of this
study. Based on Mulyani and Syam’s work, the writer decides to have a similar
study. This study has a lot of things in common in the sense it is concerned with affixation with the construction of the morphemes. Both studies analyze the form,
distribution, and function of each prefixes and affixes. However, there is a difference that the writer’s scope is wider than the study of them since the writer also analyzes
the other types of morphological processes, such as modification, suppletion, and compounding. The objects of both studies are different too. Mulyani’s work analyzed
a book written by Harun Yahya. On other hand, Syam’s work focused on a literary work, a novel, written by Charles Dickens that is similar to this study.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
In this study, the writer uses some steps relating to the ways to conduct the research. The method then would be explained in several points, such as research
method, data and source of data, and data analysis.
3.1 Research Method
In order to conduct the research systematically, there are some methods applied. Library research is applied in this thesis in which a number of books about
linguistics, morphology, and Oxford dictionary have been selected. As Nawawi 1993:30 says “penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan dengan cara menghimpun data
dari berbagai literatur baik di perpustakaan maupun tempat-tempat lain”. Library research is carried out by accumulating all the data from various literatures either in
library or in other places. The information accumulated is about morphological process; its definition, theories, explanation with simple examples, and the
description of data.
3.2 Data and Source of Data
In this thesis, the writer chose word forms as the data of this analysis due to the topic of this study. The source of data in this thesis was taken from the novel
“The Great Gatsby” written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. This novel was written in nine chapters in 1925. The data are collected from the selected chapters namely from
chapter 4 until chapter 6 of the novel. The writer chose these chapters by using purposive sampling Sutopo, 2006:64 because the data were taken not to be
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