b. Status
In some languages, lexical choices are determined by the relative status of speaker and addressee. Status may be equal or hierarchic and temporary or
permanent. In SBY’s speech, SBY acts as the speaker and all Indonesian acts as the addressee. Both of status from the speaker and addressee are so different. So, it can
be concluded that the status between them are unequal.
c. Social distance
It is a measuring how well the participants know each other. Social distance can be divided into maximal social distance and minimal social distance. If both of the
participants have never met before, it is called maximal social distance. And minimal social distance is used by the participants which interact on familiar and frequent
basic. In SBY’s speech, the social distance between SBY and the people are maximal social distance. Because, it is impossible President know and familiar with every
citizen. Table 4.4 Mode of Discourse
Textual meaning
As a result of the analysis and
knowledge of context of culture,
it can be written in a description
Mode of discourse Thematic choices
Marked topical themes – My fellow
countrymen and women, presently, surely
Role of language
Formal language
Unmarked topical themes - With Gods
blessings, the bombing
Type of interaction
Monologue
Medium and channel
Originally is spoken but since it is published in
Jakarta Globe, it turns into written text.
Rhetorical thrust
Descriptive
Cohesion
It talks about the bombing which is committed by
terrorists, but it also discusses about the attempt to
stop that terrorism act
Structural patterns
Descriptive speech
In an attempt to classify textual meaning contained in SBY’s speech based on the table above, there are also three points which need to be understood first. They are
thematic choices, cohesion, and structural patterns which each of them is described below.
a. Thematic choices
It uses topical theme. It is usually but not always the first nominal group in the clause. It is divided into two, they are unmarked and marked topical theme. In the
unmarked case the topical theme is also the subject. While a topical theme which is not the subject is called a marked topical theme. In SBY’s speech, unmarked and
marked topical theme consecutive can be seen in the following paragraph:
[23] We must keep on fighting to better our economy, politics, democracy, human rights implementation, law enforcement, regional development, peoples welfare and
so on.
That sentence has unmarked topical theme, it can be seen from the word ‘we’, because ‘we’ are the subject of the whole sentence.
[5] My fellow countrymen and women, I believe almost all of us feel sympathy and sadness, and cry inside, as I do now.
That sentence has marked topical theme, it can be seen from the phrase ‘my fellow countrymen and women’ because that phrase is not the subject. Subject itself
is located after it in the word ‘I’. In SBY’s speech, that phrase often appears in the beginning of each paragraph or before SBY state something. Another marked topical
theme which is found there such as: presently, surely, this morning, and many else.
b. Cohesion
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