were student from English Literature. Their contributions validated the credibility of the data.
Then the triangulation of data sources has purpose to increase the credibility of the research findings by considering from evidences taken from
variety of sources. In this research, the former data sources were from the original novel of Para Priyayi and its English translation. Later the theories, journals,
books, postgraduateundergraduate thesis, papers, reliable dictionaries Kamus Besar Bahasa Indone
sia, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, and some written online sources related to the research were checked.
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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Findings
This research discovers 288 culturally-bound expressions in the source novel. The findings are served by using tables as the research problems
formulated.
1. Foreignization and Domestication of the Culturally-Bound
Expressions
This research finds that there are several techniques proposed by Molina and Albir were used by the translator to translate culturally-bound expressions in
Javanese Gentry translated novel from the original text of Para Priyayi novel.
There are only eight techniques found in this research, they are amplification, borrowing, description, literal translation, adaptation, generalization, reduction,
and discursive creation. Then, the techniques which are closely related to the foreignization found
are amplification, borrowing, description, and literal translation. On the other hand, the techniques which are closely related to domestication are adaptation,
generalization, reduction, and discursive creation.
Table 6. Foreignization and Domestication of the Culturally-Bound Expressions
Translation Techniques Frequency Percentage
Foreignization Amplification
34 11.80
Borrowing 44
15.28 Description
105 36.47
Literal Translation 1
0.34
Total Foreignization 63.84
Domestication Adaptation
60 20.84
Generalization 33
11.45 Reduction
7 2.43
Discursive Creation 4
1.39
Total Domestication 36.16
Total 288
100
The table shows that the most frequently used technique is description with 105 data 36.47, followed by adaptation with 60 data 20.84, borrowing
with 44 data 15.28, amplification with 34 data 11.80, generalization with 33 data 11.45, reduction with 7 data 2.43, discursive creation with 4 data
1.39, and the last one is literal translation with one datum 0.34. The table also shows that the number of foreignization is higher rather
than the domestication. It indicates that the translated novel tends to be foreignized. It is in line with the purpose of Yayasan Lontar which is translated
this novel. The aim to promote Indonesian literature by translating is successfully done by the translator. The translator likely chooses to preserve the source
language culture.
