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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of Research
In line with the goal of this research to improve the writing skills of the students using the TAD strategy, this research was classroom action
research. Burns 2010: 2 states that the main aim of the action research is to identify a “problematic” situation that the participants consider
worth looking into more systematically. Still, in Burns, the term “action” in action research is to change or to improve the problematic
situations in a deliberate way. According to Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns, 2010:8, action
research involves four stages in a cycle; planning, action, observation, and reflection. The cycle can be continued until the research achieves
the satisfactory goal. The four stages of action research can be seen in the schema below.
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Figure 1: Cyclical Action Research Model by Kemmis and McTaggart
Based on the figure 1, the research was done in two cycles. In this research, the researcher and the English teacher as a collaborator formulated
the problem related to the writing skill of the students based on the observation then identified the research problems. After that, they planned
and carried out the actions, evaluated and reflected the actions implemented in the study.
B. Research design 1. Setting
The researcher used Action Research Design. There wasa group of participants in this research. The research took place at SMPN 2
Depok, CondongCatur, Yogyakarta. It had 12 classrooms that were divided into three grades. They are eighth grade, ninth grades, and
tenth grade. It had about 456 students. The school’s environmentwas really nice to learn for the students. The school also has potential
teachers. In this case, the researcherconducted the research in one of the
eighth grade classrooms because it was more effective to get the maximum result.
2. Participant
The data were taken from the eighth grade students of SMPN 2 Depok, Condong Csatur,Sleman. The researcher conducted the
research in Class VIII B. There were 32 students as participants.
33 They were 16 males and 16 females. The age average was about 13
years old. They learnt English as a foreign language.
3. Schedule of The Research No.
Step Month
December January
February Week
3 4
5 1
2 1.
Observation 2.
Planning 3.
Action 1 implementation,
observation, reflection
4. Planning
for cycle 2
5. Action
2 implementation,
observation, reflection
6. Analyzing Data
and Reporting
C. Data and Technique of Collecting Data
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