Types of Translation Translation
language B; and 3 restructuring, in which the transferred material is restructured in order to make the final message fully acceptable in the receptor language. The
scheme of the process can be seen below.
Figure 1. Process of Translation Nida and Taber, 1982: 33
The process of analysis involves not only grammatical relationships and meaning of words. It, in fact, deals with a more complex and detailed activity. Nida
1975: 80 states, “the process of analysis is, however, relatively complex, for they involve at least three different sets of features: the grammatical relationship between
constituent parts, the referential meanings of the semantics units, and the connotative values of the grammatical structures and the semantics units.” Thus, it is clear that
the process of various grammatical relationships and level of meaning should be taken into consideration.
Suryawinata and Hariyanto 2013: 19 give four steps of translations as follows.
Source Language Text
Analyzing
Transfer Restructuring
Receptor Language Translation
1 Analysis
At this very first step, the source language text SL is analyzed according to grammatical relationship, words meaning or words combination, textual meaning and
even contextual meaning. 2
Transfer After the source language text is analyzed, the translator processes the source
text and transfer into the target language text. 3
Restructuring The third steps is restructuring in which the translator attempts to seek the
appropriate term and sentence structure in the target language TL, so that the content, meaning and messages of the source language can be delivered in the target
language. 4
Evaluation The last steps of this translation are evaluation. The translator then evaluates
and checks the result with the original text. Furthermore, Tytler in Bassnett, 2002: 69 in The Principles of Translation
sets up three basic principles as follows: 1
The translation should give a complete transcript of the idea of the original work.
2 The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the
original. 3
The translation should have all the ease of the original composition.