Analisis Kesiapasiagaan Tenaga Gizi dalam Menghadapi Gizi Darurat pada Bencana di Kabupaten Aceh Besar Tahun 2013
ABSTRAK
Kesiapsiagaan adalah program pembangunan yang bertujuan untuk
meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemampuan seluruh potensi sumberdaya di wilayah agar
dapat menanggulangi masalah kesehatan akibat kedaruratan dan bencana secara
efisien dari tahap tanggap darurat sampai rehabilitasi secara berkesinambungan
sebagai bagian dari pembangunan kesehatan yang menyeluruh. Kesiapsiagaan akan
membawa manusia didaerah rawan bencana pada tataran kesiapan atau kesiapsiagaan
yang lebih baik dalam menghadapi bencana.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi
menghadapi gizi darurat pada bencana di Kabupaten Aceh Besar dengan metode
penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, untuk menggambarkan tingkat
pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan tenaga gizi sebagai bentuk kesiapsiagaan dalam
menghadapi gizi darurat pada bencana, selain itu untuk menjelaskan masalah masalah
yang mendalam berkaitan dengan kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi dalam menghadapi gizi
darurat juga dilakukan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam untuk
mendukung data kuantitatif.
Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh pengetahuan tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh
Besar sebanyak 54,90% memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Tenaga gizi di Kabupaten
Aceh Besar memiliki sikap positif sebanyak 74,51%. Keterampilan tenaga gizi
diperoleh sebanyak 25,49% yang terampil. Kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi diperoleh
sebanyak 37,25% tenaga gizi siap siaga dan 62,74% tenaga gizi kurang siap siaga.
Dari wawancara mendalam juga diperoleh bahwa tenaga gizi belum pernah dilibatkan
dalam kegiatan penanggulangan bencana. Koordinasi yang dilakukan selama ini
masih kurang baik, pedoman gizi darurat belum dimiliki oleh tenaga gizi kecuali yang
bertugas di Dinas Kesehatan, sosialisasi belum pernah diikuti, pelatihan gizi darurat
belum pernah diikuti dan belum pernah diadakan simulasi bencana.
Kesimpulan penelitian ini, tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar masih perlu
meningkatkan kesiapsiagaannya. Dukungan dan kesempatan tenaga gizi untuk
meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masih kurang. Oleh karena itu tenaga gizi perlu terus
meningkatkan kemampuan dalam memberikan pelayanan gizi darurat serta perlu
mendapat dukungan dari instansi terkait dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan tenaga
gizi, termasuk mulai dilibatkannya tenaga gizi dalam kegiatan penanggulangan
bencana.
Kata Kunci : Kesiapsiagaan, Gizi Darurat, Bencana
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Preparedness and complete alertness is development program which is aimed to
increase the capacity and capability of all potential resources in regional level to
handle health problems efficiently as the result of emergency and disaster from
immediate responsiveness to sustainable rehabilitation as a part of complete health
development. Preparedness and complete alertness will lead people who are subject
to disaster area on to the level of good preparedness or complete alertness in facing
disaster.
The objective of the research was to analyze the preparedness and complete
alertness of nutrition care providers in facing emergency nutrition in disaster which
occurred in Aceh Besar District, using descriptive quantitative method to describe the
level of knowledge, attitude, and skill of nutrition care providers, in the form of
preparedness and complete alertness, in facing emergency nutrition in the disaster
area and to explain serious problems related to the preparedness and complete
alertness of nutrition care providers in facing emergency nutrition, using qualitative
approach and in-depth interviews to support the quantitative data.
The result of the research showed that nutrition care providers (54.90%) in
Aceh Besar District had good knowledge. nutrition care providers (74.51%) had
positive attitude. Nutrition care providers (25.49%) were skillful. Nutrition care
providers (37.25%) were in preparedness and complete alertness, and them (62.74%)
were not in preparedness and complete alertness. The result of the in-depth
interviews showed that nutrition care providers were never asked to get involved in
the activity of disaster response; coordination was bad; nutrition care providers did
not have any guidance for emergency nutrition, except those who were in duty in the
Health Office; they were never asked to participate in counseling and training about
emergency nutrition; and there was no disaster simulation.
The conclusion of the research was that nutrition care providers in Aceh Besar
District still need to improve their preparedness and complete alertness. There was
lack of support and opportunity for nutrition care providers; therefore, they have to
improve their capability in providing emergency nutrition, and the agency concerned
needs to support them to improve their preparedness and complete alertness by
involving them in the disaster response activities.
Keywords: Preparedness and Complete Alertness, Emergency Nutrition, Disaster
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kesiapsiagaan adalah program pembangunan yang bertujuan untuk
meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemampuan seluruh potensi sumberdaya di wilayah agar
dapat menanggulangi masalah kesehatan akibat kedaruratan dan bencana secara
efisien dari tahap tanggap darurat sampai rehabilitasi secara berkesinambungan
sebagai bagian dari pembangunan kesehatan yang menyeluruh. Kesiapsiagaan akan
membawa manusia didaerah rawan bencana pada tataran kesiapan atau kesiapsiagaan
yang lebih baik dalam menghadapi bencana.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi
menghadapi gizi darurat pada bencana di Kabupaten Aceh Besar dengan metode
penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, untuk menggambarkan tingkat
pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan tenaga gizi sebagai bentuk kesiapsiagaan dalam
menghadapi gizi darurat pada bencana, selain itu untuk menjelaskan masalah masalah
yang mendalam berkaitan dengan kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi dalam menghadapi gizi
darurat juga dilakukan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam untuk
mendukung data kuantitatif.
Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh pengetahuan tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh
Besar sebanyak 54,90% memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Tenaga gizi di Kabupaten
Aceh Besar memiliki sikap positif sebanyak 74,51%. Keterampilan tenaga gizi
diperoleh sebanyak 25,49% yang terampil. Kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi diperoleh
sebanyak 37,25% tenaga gizi siap siaga dan 62,74% tenaga gizi kurang siap siaga.
Dari wawancara mendalam juga diperoleh bahwa tenaga gizi belum pernah dilibatkan
dalam kegiatan penanggulangan bencana. Koordinasi yang dilakukan selama ini
masih kurang baik, pedoman gizi darurat belum dimiliki oleh tenaga gizi kecuali yang
bertugas di Dinas Kesehatan, sosialisasi belum pernah diikuti, pelatihan gizi darurat
belum pernah diikuti dan belum pernah diadakan simulasi bencana.
Kesimpulan penelitian ini, tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar masih perlu
meningkatkan kesiapsiagaannya. Dukungan dan kesempatan tenaga gizi untuk
meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masih kurang. Oleh karena itu tenaga gizi perlu terus
meningkatkan kemampuan dalam memberikan pelayanan gizi darurat serta perlu
mendapat dukungan dari instansi terkait dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan tenaga
gizi, termasuk mulai dilibatkannya tenaga gizi dalam kegiatan penanggulangan
bencana.
Kata Kunci : Kesiapsiagaan, Gizi Darurat, Bencana
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Preparedness and complete alertness is development program which is aimed to
increase the capacity and capability of all potential resources in regional level to
handle health problems efficiently as the result of emergency and disaster from
immediate responsiveness to sustainable rehabilitation as a part of complete health
development. Preparedness and complete alertness will lead people who are subject
to disaster area on to the level of good preparedness or complete alertness in facing
disaster.
The objective of the research was to analyze the preparedness and complete
alertness of nutrition care providers in facing emergency nutrition in disaster which
occurred in Aceh Besar District, using descriptive quantitative method to describe the
level of knowledge, attitude, and skill of nutrition care providers, in the form of
preparedness and complete alertness, in facing emergency nutrition in the disaster
area and to explain serious problems related to the preparedness and complete
alertness of nutrition care providers in facing emergency nutrition, using qualitative
approach and in-depth interviews to support the quantitative data.
The result of the research showed that nutrition care providers (54.90%) in
Aceh Besar District had good knowledge. nutrition care providers (74.51%) had
positive attitude. Nutrition care providers (25.49%) were skillful. Nutrition care
providers (37.25%) were in preparedness and complete alertness, and them (62.74%)
were not in preparedness and complete alertness. The result of the in-depth
interviews showed that nutrition care providers were never asked to get involved in
the activity of disaster response; coordination was bad; nutrition care providers did
not have any guidance for emergency nutrition, except those who were in duty in the
Health Office; they were never asked to participate in counseling and training about
emergency nutrition; and there was no disaster simulation.
The conclusion of the research was that nutrition care providers in Aceh Besar
District still need to improve their preparedness and complete alertness. There was
lack of support and opportunity for nutrition care providers; therefore, they have to
improve their capability in providing emergency nutrition, and the agency concerned
needs to support them to improve their preparedness and complete alertness by
involving them in the disaster response activities.
Keywords: Preparedness and Complete Alertness, Emergency Nutrition, Disaster
Universitas Sumatera Utara