Dampak Erupsi Gunungapi Sinabung Di Kabupaten Karo Terhadap Aspek Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat
ABSTRACT
The impact is a change that occurs as a result of an activity. Such activity
may be natural, either chemical, physical or biological. May disrupt or destroy a
wide variety of functions and many institutions at once and bring the crisis to the
society, especially the social and economic aspects. Sinabung Volcano erupted
material such as dust, cold lava, heat clouds, especially in the District 4 has
damaged agricultural land and crop failure in an area of 26667.91 hectares; puso
1229.905 ha of agricultural products; horticulture crops exposed and puso 3867.45
19008.89 Ha. Damage to land and crops showed a significant impact on the socioeconomic aspects of Karo society, given the community's main livelihood is
agriculture Karo.
The population of this research is all the people in the 18 (eighteen) villages
comprising 5100 households contained within a radius of 5 km from the crater of
Volcano Sinabung. The number of samples was determined using a cluster
sampling the cluster is determined proportionally 3 villages, namely: Villages
within a radius of 3 Km = Sukameriah village; Villages within a radius of 4 km =
GugungKuta village and village within a radius of 5 Km = Berastepu village.
Indicators of the impact of the eruption of Sinabung volcano on the socioeconomic aspects of society traced through: health risks, trauma, income level,
educational services, public services, fulfillment, lighting and clean water needs.
Exposure data already dinventarisir reveal declining health status of affected
communities. Number of people sick from 38.00% to 48.00% after the eruption.
The level of trauma to the eruption of Sinabung Volcano increased, from 43.00%
to 68.00% after the eruption. Revenues decreased from an average majority above
Rp2.000.000, -/month; as much as 84.00% to 67.00%. Educational services
disrupted due to damage to facilities and school facilities decreased from 44.00%
to 33.00%. Public services also declined aspects of the documents, to the
residence of the Village Head 70.00% to 59.00%. Meeting the basic needs of
electricity one merasa74 decreased from 66.00%, 00%.
It can be concluded Sinabung volcano eruption gave a huge impact on the
socio-economic aspects of disaster affected communities. If judged by the rate of
decline in almost all socioeconomic indicators as mentioned above.
Keywords: Impact of disaster; Sinabung Volcano Eruption; Socio-Economic
Aspects
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Dampak adalah suatu perubahan yang terjadi sebagai akibat suatu
aktivitas. Aktivitas tersebut dapat bersifat alamiah, baik kimia, fisik maupun
biologi. Dapat mengganggu atau menghancurkan berbagai macam fungsi dan
banyakl embaga sekaligus serta membawa krisis bagi masyarakat terutama aspek
social dan ekonomi. Material erupsi Gunung api Sinabung seperti debu, lahar
dingin, awan panas, khususnya di 4 Kecamatan telah merusak lahan pertanian dan
gagal panen pada lahan seluas 26.667,91 Ha; puso hasil pertanian 1.229,905 Ha;
tanaman holtikultural terkena 19.008,89 Ha danpuso 3.867,45 Ha. Kerusakan
lahan dan tanaman pertanian menunjukkan dampak cukup besar terhadap aspek
social ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Karo, mengingat mata pencaharian utama
masyarakat Karo adalah pertanian.
Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di 18 (delapan belas) desa
yang terdiridari 5100 KK yang terdapatdalam radius 5 Km
darikawahGunungapiSinabung.Sampel ditentukan menggunakan cluster Jumlah
clustersampling yang ditentukan secara proporsional adalah 3 desa, yakni:
Desadalam radius 3 Km =DesaSukameriah; Desadalam radius 4 Km =
DesaKutaGugungdanDesadalam radius 5 Km = DesaBerastepu.
Indikator dampak bencana erupsi gunung api Sinabung terhadap aspek
social ekonomi masyarakat ditelusuri melalui: resiko kesehatan, trauma, tingkat
pendapatan, pelayanan pendidikan, pelayanan publik, pemenuhan kebutuhan,
penerangan dan kebutuhan air bersih. Paparan data yang telah dinventarisir
mengungkap derajat kesehatan masyarakat terdampak menurun. Jumlah penduduk
yang sakit dari38,00% menjadi 48,00% setelah erupsi. Tingkat trauma terhadap
erupsi Gunung api Sinabung meningkat,dari43,00% menjadi68,00%setelah erupsi.
Pendapatan menurun dari mayoritas rata-rata di atas Rp2.000.000,-/bulan;
sebanyak 84,00% menjadi 67,00%. Pelayananpendidikantergangguakibat
rusaknyafasilitas dansaranasekolahdari 44,00% menurunmenjadi 33,00%.
Pelayanan public jugamenurunaspekpengurusansurat-surat kependudukan ke
Kepala Desadari 70,00% menjadi 59,00%.Pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar salah
satunya listrik menurun dari 66,00% merasa74,00%.
Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bencana erupsi gunung api Sinabung
memberikan dampak sangat besar terhadap aspek social ekonomi masyarakat
terdampak bencana. Jika dinilai dari tingkat penurunan hamper seluruh indicator
social ekonomi sebagai mana tersebut di atas.
Kata Kunci: Dampakbencana; ErupsiGunungapiSinabung; AspekSosialEkonomi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
The impact is a change that occurs as a result of an activity. Such activity
may be natural, either chemical, physical or biological. May disrupt or destroy a
wide variety of functions and many institutions at once and bring the crisis to the
society, especially the social and economic aspects. Sinabung Volcano erupted
material such as dust, cold lava, heat clouds, especially in the District 4 has
damaged agricultural land and crop failure in an area of 26667.91 hectares; puso
1229.905 ha of agricultural products; horticulture crops exposed and puso 3867.45
19008.89 Ha. Damage to land and crops showed a significant impact on the socioeconomic aspects of Karo society, given the community's main livelihood is
agriculture Karo.
The population of this research is all the people in the 18 (eighteen) villages
comprising 5100 households contained within a radius of 5 km from the crater of
Volcano Sinabung. The number of samples was determined using a cluster
sampling the cluster is determined proportionally 3 villages, namely: Villages
within a radius of 3 Km = Sukameriah village; Villages within a radius of 4 km =
GugungKuta village and village within a radius of 5 Km = Berastepu village.
Indicators of the impact of the eruption of Sinabung volcano on the socioeconomic aspects of society traced through: health risks, trauma, income level,
educational services, public services, fulfillment, lighting and clean water needs.
Exposure data already dinventarisir reveal declining health status of affected
communities. Number of people sick from 38.00% to 48.00% after the eruption.
The level of trauma to the eruption of Sinabung Volcano increased, from 43.00%
to 68.00% after the eruption. Revenues decreased from an average majority above
Rp2.000.000, -/month; as much as 84.00% to 67.00%. Educational services
disrupted due to damage to facilities and school facilities decreased from 44.00%
to 33.00%. Public services also declined aspects of the documents, to the
residence of the Village Head 70.00% to 59.00%. Meeting the basic needs of
electricity one merasa74 decreased from 66.00%, 00%.
It can be concluded Sinabung volcano eruption gave a huge impact on the
socio-economic aspects of disaster affected communities. If judged by the rate of
decline in almost all socioeconomic indicators as mentioned above.
Keywords: Impact of disaster; Sinabung Volcano Eruption; Socio-Economic
Aspects
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Dampak adalah suatu perubahan yang terjadi sebagai akibat suatu
aktivitas. Aktivitas tersebut dapat bersifat alamiah, baik kimia, fisik maupun
biologi. Dapat mengganggu atau menghancurkan berbagai macam fungsi dan
banyakl embaga sekaligus serta membawa krisis bagi masyarakat terutama aspek
social dan ekonomi. Material erupsi Gunung api Sinabung seperti debu, lahar
dingin, awan panas, khususnya di 4 Kecamatan telah merusak lahan pertanian dan
gagal panen pada lahan seluas 26.667,91 Ha; puso hasil pertanian 1.229,905 Ha;
tanaman holtikultural terkena 19.008,89 Ha danpuso 3.867,45 Ha. Kerusakan
lahan dan tanaman pertanian menunjukkan dampak cukup besar terhadap aspek
social ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Karo, mengingat mata pencaharian utama
masyarakat Karo adalah pertanian.
Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di 18 (delapan belas) desa
yang terdiridari 5100 KK yang terdapatdalam radius 5 Km
darikawahGunungapiSinabung.Sampel ditentukan menggunakan cluster Jumlah
clustersampling yang ditentukan secara proporsional adalah 3 desa, yakni:
Desadalam radius 3 Km =DesaSukameriah; Desadalam radius 4 Km =
DesaKutaGugungdanDesadalam radius 5 Km = DesaBerastepu.
Indikator dampak bencana erupsi gunung api Sinabung terhadap aspek
social ekonomi masyarakat ditelusuri melalui: resiko kesehatan, trauma, tingkat
pendapatan, pelayanan pendidikan, pelayanan publik, pemenuhan kebutuhan,
penerangan dan kebutuhan air bersih. Paparan data yang telah dinventarisir
mengungkap derajat kesehatan masyarakat terdampak menurun. Jumlah penduduk
yang sakit dari38,00% menjadi 48,00% setelah erupsi. Tingkat trauma terhadap
erupsi Gunung api Sinabung meningkat,dari43,00% menjadi68,00%setelah erupsi.
Pendapatan menurun dari mayoritas rata-rata di atas Rp2.000.000,-/bulan;
sebanyak 84,00% menjadi 67,00%. Pelayananpendidikantergangguakibat
rusaknyafasilitas dansaranasekolahdari 44,00% menurunmenjadi 33,00%.
Pelayanan public jugamenurunaspekpengurusansurat-surat kependudukan ke
Kepala Desadari 70,00% menjadi 59,00%.Pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar salah
satunya listrik menurun dari 66,00% merasa74,00%.
Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bencana erupsi gunung api Sinabung
memberikan dampak sangat besar terhadap aspek social ekonomi masyarakat
terdampak bencana. Jika dinilai dari tingkat penurunan hamper seluruh indicator
social ekonomi sebagai mana tersebut di atas.
Kata Kunci: Dampakbencana; ErupsiGunungapiSinabung; AspekSosialEkonomi
Universitas Sumatera Utara