OBAT TRADISIONAL DAN CAM

  OBAT TRADISIONAL DAN CAM

  KLASIFIKASI BATTRA (Pasal 59 ayat 1 UU 36/2009) Dikelompokkan berdasarkan metode yang dominan digunakan KETERAMPILAN MANUAL ALAT/ TEKNOLOGI MENTAL/ O.FIK RAMUAN

TRADKOM GLOBALISASI

  (NON (KONVENSION KONVENSIONAL) AL) EVIDENCE BASED EVIDENCE BASED BUKTI EMPIRIS HILIR

  HULU WESTERN/ KESTRAD TERUJI KESTRAD MODERN DOKTER DOKTER Plus (Fas Kes) (Fas Kes) Jamu, Obat Herbal Terstandar dan Fitofarmaka

• • Berdasarkan cara pembuatan serta

  jenis klaim penggunaan dan tingkat pembuktian khasiat, Obat Bahan Alam Indonesia dikelompokkan menjadi:

  JAMU

• Jamu
• – Aman sesuai dengan persyaratan yang ditetapkan
• – Klaim khasiat dibuktikan berdasarkan data empiris

Obat Herbal Terstandar

• Aman sesuai dengan persyaratan yang ditetapkan
• Klaim khasiat dibuktikan secara ilmiah/pra klinik

Fitofarmaka

• Aman sesuai dengan persyaratan yang ditetapkan
• Klaim khasiat harus dibuktikan berdasarkan uji klinik

Defnitions

  “Complementary and Alternative Medicine is a Group of Diverse Medical and Health Care Systems, Practices,

Defnitions

• “Complementary Medicine is Used Together With Conventional Medicine.”

• • “Alternative Medicine is Used in Place

  Alternative Medical Systems Ayurveda, Chinese, Native American, Aboriginal, African, Middle Eastern, Tibetan, Central and South American cultures, Homeopathy, Naturopathy Mind-Body Interventions cognitive-behavioral approaches, meditation, hypnosis, dance, music, art therapy, prayer, mental healing, visual imagery Biological Based Therapies dietary supplements, herbs, orthomolecular (varying concentrations of chemicals, such as, magnesium, melatonin, and mega-doses of vitamins), individual biological therapies (use of laetrile, shark cartilage, bee pollen).

  Defnitions

• Ayurveda - India's traditional, natural system of medicine that has been practiced for more than 5,000 years. Ayurveda provides an integrated approach to preventing and treating illness through lifestyle interventions and natural therapies. Ayurvedic theory states that all disease begins with an imbalance or stress in the individual's consciousness. Lifestyle interventions are a major ayurvedic preventive and therapeutic

  

Defnitions

• Homeopathy - a system of medical practices based on the theory that any substance that can produce symptoms of disease or illness in a healthy person can cure those symptoms in a sick person. For example, someone sufering from insomnia may be given a homeopathic dose of cofee. Administered in diluted form, homeopathic

Defnitions • Naturopathy – an alternative medical system

  Naturopathic medicine proposes that there is a healing power in the body that establishes, maintains, and restores health. Practitioners work with the patient with a goal of supporting this

  Defnitions

• Qi gong - A component of traditional Chinese medicine that combines movement, meditation, and regulation of breathing to enhance the fow of qi (an ancient term given to what is believed to be vital energy) in the body, improve blood

  

Defnitions

• Reiki - A Japanese word representing Universal Life Energy. Reiki is based on the belief that when spiritual energy is channeled through a reiki practitioner, the patient's spirit is healed, which in turn heals the physical body.

  Central Concept of TCM

• Organism as a whole
• Relationships
• – Between organs
• – Between human and nature
Central Concept of TCM

• – Balance
• Yin Yang / Wu Xing (Five Phases)
• Homeostasis
• – Overall analysis to reach

  Yin Yang

• Yi Jing – Book of Changes • Character meaning

Yin Yang

  Yin – cold, weak, restricted, dark,

visible, heavy, turbid, downward,

inward.

  

Yin Yang

• Opposition and Interdepend>Relative: Back / Chest
• Concept of health – plant analogy

  Wu Xing - Five Phases (Elements)

• Fire, Earth, Metal, Water, Wood.
• Categorizing tool
• – Separate according to innate qualities.

  Wu Xing Five Phases Cycle Five Phases and

Human Body

Viscera Bowels Sense Seasons Emotions Organs

  Wood Liver Gall Bladder Eyes Spring Anger Fire Heart Small Tongue Summer Joy

  Intestine

  parts of the body

  Zang Fu (Organ Systems)

To Summarize…

• – Categorizes and unifes diferent

  Qi » Energy

• Qi
• – Different types with different

  

functions – Derive from two major

sources:

• Food (Gu) and Fresh Air (Qing)

  Blood Body Fluids

• Blood – Xue
• – Formation from food essence, and essence transformation through bone marrow.

  Meridians What is Acupuncture?

• Many studies in animals and humans have demonstrated that acupuncture can cause multiple biological responses… mediated mainly by sensory neurons to many structures within the central nervous system. This can lead to activation of pathways afecting various physiological systems in the brain as well as in the periphery... Considerable evidence supports the claim that opioid peptides are released during acupuncture and that the analgesic efects of acupuncture are at least partially explained by their actions. That opioid antagonists such as naloxone reverse the analgesic efects of acupuncture further strengthens this hypothesis. Stimulation by acupuncture may also activate the

  What are Meridians?

• Despite considerable eforts to understand the anatomy and physiology of the "acupuncture points," the defnition and characterization of these points remain controversial. Even more elusive is the scientifc basis of some of the key traditional Eastern medical concepts … and other related theories, which are difcult to reconcile with contemporary biomedical information but continue to play an important role in the evaluation of patients and the formulation of treatment in acupuncture. The acupuncture points or biological active points (BAP), also
• Acupuncture. NIH Consensus Statement Online 1997 Nov 3-5; month, day]; 15(5):1-34.

  known as low-resistance spots or good electro-permeable points,

  Questions & Discussion