Research Design Data and Source of Data Technique of Collecting Data Technique of Analyzing Data

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 Research Design

This study was conducted by using library research in which a number of books about linguistics, sociolinguistic, and code choice. As Nawawi in Ginting, 2012:22 says “Penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan dengan menghimpun data dari berbagai literature baik diperpustakaan maupun ditempat-tempat lain”. Library research is carried out by accumulating all the data from various literatures either in library or in other places. This study is intended to analyze the components of language used in code mixing, to find out the component of language which is dominantly used in code mixing found in the novel story and to find out the reason why character in the novel use many code mixing.

3.2 Data and Source of Data

The subject of the study is types of code mixing which was used in Indonesian novel “Rantau 1 Muara” by Ahmad Fuadi. The source of data was taken from chapters of Rantau 1 Muara’s novel. It has 46 chapters and it is used as the population. Then the sample was taken randomly. Here are the chapters of Rantau 1 Muara’s novel will be used as the sample: chapter 7, 10, 12, 16, 18, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43, 45, and chapter 46. However, the data is only focused on the utterances that contain code mixing in each chapter. Universitas Sumatera Utara

3.3 Technique of Collecting Data

The data of this research were taken the Indonesia novel Ahmad Fuadi’s novel “Rantau 1 Muara” was publish PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama Jakarta, 2013. Kompas Gramedia. The data will be taken randomly which is representative from all the chapters in the novel and there are 23 chapters. There are some ways to get the data: 1 Collecting whole of the sample of chapters in the novel 2 Identifying 23 of 46 chapters from whole the classes which is representative 3 Finding out the code mixing that used 4 Tabulating data in to the table

3.4 Technique of Analyzing Data

After collecting all the data which was needed for the continuity of the research, next step was to analyze the collected data. To analyze the data, some steps were taken as the following: 1 Writing all the utterances of 23 chapters in Rantau 1 Muara’s novel 2 Underline the code mixing that were found in Indonesian novel “Rantau 1 Muara” 3 Identifying the words, phrase, clause and sentences which belong to code- mixing found in Rantau 1 Muara’s novel 4 Converting to percentages by using this formula Universitas Sumatera Utara n = 100 X N FX Where: N : total frequency of code mixing in percent Fx : total code mixing frequency of the sub-categories 100 : standard percentage N : Total all code mixing categories 5 Drawing some calculations based on the results of analysis 6 Analyzing the reasons of the speaker used code mixing in Rantau 1 Muara’s novel Universitas Sumatera Utara

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING