The Relevant Study THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the objective of the study, the subject and object of the study, time and place, research design, the Classroom Action Research CAR procedures technique of collecting data, and technique of the data analysis.

A. The Objective of the Research

The objective of the research is to know the usage of pre questioning in improving students’ reading comprehension at the first grade students of Gita Kirtti Senior High School. The writer did Classroom Action Research CAR. It is the research that is used to solve a specific classroom or school problem, improve teaching and other educational strategies, or make a decision at a specific level. So, it is expected that by applying pre questioning technique in this research, the students’ reading comprehension will improve.

B. Time and Place of the Research

This research is carried out for 3 three months started from April 2013 to June 2013. The place is at first grade of Gita Kirtti Senior High School.

C. Subject and Object of the Research

The subject of the research is the students at first grade students of Gita Kirtti Senior High School. The number of the students consists of 20 students. This school only has one class for first grade. Based on the observation and interview that the writer did, this class has low achievement in reading. That is why the CAR is held because the students need an appropriate strategy to help them in improving their reading comprehension. The object of this research is using pre questionings to improving students’ reading comprehension.

D. Research Design

K emmis and Mc Taggart’ design is the CAR procedure used in this research. It consists of two cycles, which in each cycle contains four phases. They are: planning, acting and observing, and reflecting. Figure 3.1 Kemmis and Mc Taggart ’s Action Research Design 1

E. The Writer’s Role on the Study

The writer acts as the English teacher and the observer in the research. So that, she makes a lesson plan and pre-test before Classroom Action Research CAR and post test after Classroom Action Research CAR in each final cycle. Then, the teacher carries out the action based upon the lesson plan that has been made. Furthermore, the writer also collects and interprets data then reports the result of study. 1 Suharsimi Arikunto, et,al., Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2006,p.16

F. The CAR Procedures

The Classroom Action Research using Kurt Lewin’s design consists of four phases within one cycle. Those are planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. 2 After finishing the first cycle, it will be probably a new problem or the previous unfinished problems. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to the second cycle in line with the same concept of the first cycle. Based on the outcome and experiences in the first cycle, the writer will follow the same phases. Here are the detail explanations about what happens in every phase:

1. Cycle

a. Planning

In this phase, the writer prepares all the needs and requirements for the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The writer makes the lesson plan and prepares all of the things that will be used in reading using pre questionings. In this phase, the writer prepares the reading text and the pre questionings that relate to the text. b. Acting The writer as the teacher carries out the planned action in this phase based on the lesson plan that has been made. In implementation the action, the writer act as English teacher who taught reading by giving pre questioning before student read the text. The implementation of the action involved three meeting in each cycle. 2 SuharsimiArikunto, et,al., Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta : BumiAksara, 2006,p. 16