The Background of Study

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Background of Study

Nowadays tourist activity is dominated with visiting the area destination that offer natural and cultural tourist attractions, such as enjoying the natural landscapes and ecosystems the existing in it and enjoy the unique of landscapes and local cultural, in addition, new phenomenon tourism which is about how a someone enjoyed the tour is marked by the emergence of alternative tourist activities and attractions that support these activities such as ecotourism activities basically related to the preservation of nature, ecotourism has a main purpose for natural conversations , recently this is being promoted to go green program and reduce the negative impact of global warming North Sumatra is a province which is located in Sumatra island, Indonesia, and its capital is Medan. North Sumatra is located 1°-4° north latitude and 98°- 100° east longitude. Ethnic group of North Sumatra are Batak the majority, Javanese, Nias, Malay, Chinese, Minangkabau and Banjar. In addition, North Sumatra have 5 religion, they are Muslim, Protestant, Catholic, Buddhist, and Hindu. North Sumatra is divided 25 regency Asahan Regency, Batubara Regency, Dairi Regency, Deli Serdang Regency, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Karo Regency, Labuhanbatu Regency, South Labuhanbatu Regency, North Labuhanbatu Regency, Langkat Regency, Mandailing Natal Regency, Nias Regency, West Nias Regency, South Nias Regency, North Nias Regency, Padang Lawas Regency, North Padang Lawas Regency, West Pakpak Regency, Samosir Regency, Serdang Bedagai Regency, Simalungun Regency, South Tapanuli Universitas Sumatera Utara Regency, Middle Tapanuli Regency, North Tapanuli Regency, and Toba Samosir Regency, 8 cities Binjai City, Gunungsitoli City, Medan City, Padangsidempuan City, Pematangsiantar City, Sibolga City, Tanjungbalai City, and tebing Tinggi City, 325 districts, 5,456 sub-district. Now days, North Sumatra is found 2 national park, that is Gunung Leuser National Park and Batang Gadis National Park. Therefore, North Sumatra is one of province which has many nature tourism destinations. Medan is the capital of North Sumatra which is a hot city, the temperature between 23-30 degrees Celsius. Medan is the third largest city in Indonesia. Medan has many tourism, such as Lake Toba, Mount Sibayak, Bukit Lawang, and etc. Lake Toba is the largest lake in Southeast Asia. The area of Lake Toba is almost 1,265 KMs 2 with the depth almost 450 meters. Lake Toba is an ancient lake that according to researches it is due to the explosion of around 73.000- 75.000 years ago on a large volcanic eruption is very powerful. Mount Sibayak is an active volcano located in Berastagi, about 2 hours from Medan. This mountain has height of 2,094 meters above surface of sea. At the top of this mountain we could see the view of the city of Medan and Berastagi. Bahorok is a sub-district of Langkat Regency. Its capital is Bahorok town, and Bukit Lawang is a major local tourist attraction for viewing orangutans. To the south lies Karo Regency, to the west Southeast Aceh Province, to the east Salapian sub-district, and to the north Batang Serangan sub-district. Bahorok has 22 sub-district that is, Batu Jong Jong, Lau Damak, Sampe Raya, Perkebunan Universitas Sumatera Utara Bungara, Pekan Bahorok, Empus, Perkebunan Turangi, Simpang Pulau Rambung, Sematar, Perkebunan Pulau Rambung, Suka Rakyati, Tanjung Lenggang, Sumber Jaya, Perkebunan Sei Musam, Amal Tani, Bukit Lawang, Timbang Lawan, Timbang Jaya, Sebertung, Pulau Semikat, Sei Musam Kendit, and Musam Pembangunan. Bahorok has 4 religion that is, Muslim, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Buddhism. There are 65 mosques, 45 mushollas, 13 churches in the area. The largest of ethnic group is Javanese. There are 40 juniors: 10 middle schools, and 3 high schools and 17 junior madrasahs: 6 middle school madrasahs 5 private schools, and 2 private senior madrasahs. Notable agricultural production includes wet rice fields, maize, and cassava. Bukit Lawang is a small tourist village at the bank of Bahorok River in North Sumatra province in Indonesia. Situated approximately 86 KM of Medan, Bukit Lawang is known for the largest animal sanctuary of Sumatran Orangutan around 5,000 Orangutans occupy the area, and also the main access point to the Gunung Leuser National Park from the east side. Bukit Lawang rehabilitation center for Orangutans was founded in 1973. The main purpose is to preserve the decreasing number of Orangutan population due to hunting, trading and deforestation. Accessibility of destination is the main factor and give affects the quality of the destination. Generally accessibility to Bukit Lawang is good and has been able to be passed by motorbike, car and big buses. Bukit Lawang is a small village, but it has facilities and accommodation available. There are, you can find: Universitas Sumatera Utara • Internet access – in three internet cafes located in the new-built village set on the hill bordering the right bank of the Bahorok River. The CDC internet café, on the right, provides free internet for local people but requests a donation from tourists. The orphane past Batu Mandi Hotel on the way to the bat cave also offers wifi internet return for donation to their cause. • ATM – 11 km away in the village of Bahorok, a guide will take you by motorbike or you can try to take a local bus known as an “opelet”, plus potentially becak to take you to the bus station about 1.5 km from Bukit Lawang. The ATM is owend by Bank Rakyat Indonesia and is on the MasterCardCirrus Network. • Money Changer – there are a number of money changers who will change a variety of Western and regional currencies to Rupiah. • Market – on Friday from morning till around 3pm, located 2 KM in Gotong Royong. Popular with tourists, a variety of fruits, vegetables, spices, fish and clothes are sold. Another market on Sundays in Bahorok. Accommodation in Bukit Lawang is in three main areas :

1. Before the village :