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C. Research Instruments
The instruments of this research were three kinds of documents, namely the movie and the script of Thank You for Smoking, and the analysis result of the
use of politeness strategies produced by the main characters of Thank You for Smoking. The former is called secondary instruments or documents, and then the
latter is called human instrument or primary document. Ary, et al. 2005:435 said that documents could be personal such as diaries, official such as files, or
documents of popular culture, such as books, etc. The movie and the script were certainly employed to solve the first research question, namely “How do the main
characters of Thank You for Smoking use the politeness strategies in their conversations?, and the analysis result was employed to answer the second
research question, namely “What are the factors influencing the use of politeness strategies produced by the main characters of Thank You for Smoking?”
D. Data Gathering Technique
The writer gathered the data by borrowing the DVD of Thank You for Smoking at Studio One movie rental shop and searching for Thank You for
Smoking’s script in the internet, namely at www.simplyscript.com. There were many various English expressions or utterances contained in the conversations of
Thank You for Smoking. Further, the writer only elected and collected the expressions or utterances that were produced by the main characters in their
conversations as the research data; Nick Naylor, Joey, BR-Nick’s boss, the senator Ortolan Finisterre, Polly Bailey, and Jill.
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E. Data Analysis Technique
In this research, the writer applied three data analysis techniques. Firstly, the writer comprehended all expressions or utterances which were only produced
by the main characters of Thank You for Smoking by observing how they try to convey their messages or intentions and how they response to their interlocutors
in conversations. Second, the writer classified the expressions or utterances into four politeness strategies by employing Brown and Levinson’s politeness
strategies model. Lastly, the writer analyzed the analysis result or discussion of the use of politeness strategies in order to find out what factors that may influence
their use of politeness strategies by applying the socio-cultural variables of Brown and Levinson’s model. In addition, this theory was also combined systematically
with another theory that has been elaborated in chapter two, namely the social dimensions proposed by Holmes.
F. Research Procedure