Research Instruments Data Gathering Technique Data Analysis Technique

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C. Research Instruments

The instruments of this research were three kinds of documents, namely the movie and the script of Thank You for Smoking, and the analysis result of the use of politeness strategies produced by the main characters of Thank You for Smoking. The former is called secondary instruments or documents, and then the latter is called human instrument or primary document. Ary, et al. 2005:435 said that documents could be personal such as diaries, official such as files, or documents of popular culture, such as books, etc. The movie and the script were certainly employed to solve the first research question, namely “How do the main characters of Thank You for Smoking use the politeness strategies in their conversations?, and the analysis result was employed to answer the second research question, namely “What are the factors influencing the use of politeness strategies produced by the main characters of Thank You for Smoking?”

D. Data Gathering Technique

The writer gathered the data by borrowing the DVD of Thank You for Smoking at Studio One movie rental shop and searching for Thank You for Smoking’s script in the internet, namely at www.simplyscript.com. There were many various English expressions or utterances contained in the conversations of Thank You for Smoking. Further, the writer only elected and collected the expressions or utterances that were produced by the main characters in their conversations as the research data; Nick Naylor, Joey, BR-Nick’s boss, the senator Ortolan Finisterre, Polly Bailey, and Jill. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 40

E. Data Analysis Technique

In this research, the writer applied three data analysis techniques. Firstly, the writer comprehended all expressions or utterances which were only produced by the main characters of Thank You for Smoking by observing how they try to convey their messages or intentions and how they response to their interlocutors in conversations. Second, the writer classified the expressions or utterances into four politeness strategies by employing Brown and Levinson’s politeness strategies model. Lastly, the writer analyzed the analysis result or discussion of the use of politeness strategies in order to find out what factors that may influence their use of politeness strategies by applying the socio-cultural variables of Brown and Levinson’s model. In addition, this theory was also combined systematically with another theory that has been elaborated in chapter two, namely the social dimensions proposed by Holmes.

F. Research Procedure