Students’ suggestions Gathered from the Open-ended Questionnaire.

arrangement also motivates them to participate the class activities actively. Some students wrote the round or circle and “U” arrangement are good seating arrangements because in that seating arrangement they could interact with the other students and their lecturer easily. The students wrote: “If I may give suggestions, I think it’s better if we change the position becomes round or circle. So, the interaction between students-students and students-lecturer can go well.” “To work in group, it is more effective if the arrangement is in circle arrangement not in traditional seating arrangement.” “Maybe if the seating arrangement is in “U” letter form will help the students to keep on paying attention to the lecturer.” “This seating arrangement may not be suitable for speaking class because in speaking class students do many physical movements. In order to make students enjoyable and comfortable, round or circle seating arrangement is good for a better communication and interaction.” “My suggestion is Public Speaking class should have round seating arrangement, so the students can work in group work easily.” “It should be changed. It would be better if the arrangement is round circle. Further, the students also give suggestions for the lecturers in Public Speaking class. The lecturer also has an important role to make teaching and learning in Public Speaking class goes well. It is better if the lecturers are able to control the class well although the class situation does not really support the activities in the class. Some students think that the lecturer should be more interactive with the students although the space between the lecturer and students are a little bit far especially for the students who sit in the back. The lecturer could move around the class, so all of the students no matter they sit could understand materials given by the lecturer and 70 interact with their lecturer easily. It is good if the lecturer should tell the students that they could sit in the front row if the seats are still empty. So, the students could sit in the front or middle row with less distraction. The students wrote: “For lecturers, it’s better for them to speak loudly and it’s also better for them not only speak in the front, they may walk around the class, so that they can reach the students who sit in the back row.” “While students and lecturers are speaking, they should move around. So, all of the students can listen their voice. The lecturers should motivate the students since it will make the students pay attention to the them.” “We don’t need to change the arrangement, we, as students just need to move around and be flexible to sit in every chair or row. The lecturer also should move around in order to make the students listen to the lecturers’ explanation and interact with the student well.” “Maybe the lecturer must walk around the class, so the students in the middle and back row can get more attention from the lecturer.” “In my suggestions, the lecturer should warn us not to sit in the fourth or fifth rows.” Moreover, the students also suggested that it is better if there is a special room for Public Speaking class where the seats are arranged more appropriate for speaking class. The students are also suggested it is good if the chairs and tables are not made of wood and can be folded because it makes them difficult to move heavy chairs or tables. The class should not be too big because there will be more space between students and lecturer. They said: “Maybe we will be more comfortable if we use a small room so that the space between lecture and students are not too far.” “For Public Speaking class it will be better if the table is like the table in the room IK11. 71 “I suggest that, hopefully, there is a special class in Public Speaking class, for example, in the class that there are no wooden tables and chairs. So, it would make easier our activity.”

2. Description of students’ suggestions based on the interview.

From the interview, most of the students had the same suggestions as written in the open-ended questions. All of the interviewees suggested different seating arrangements in Public Speaking class which could support teaching and learning activities in this class. One of the interviewees suggested that in the future it is better if the seating arrangement is in circle arrangement where the table and chair are in one piece so it could be folded. In circle seating arrangement, the lecturer stands in the center so the lecturer becomes the center of students’ attention in the class. In this arrangement, all of the students sit in the front row because there is only one row. Nobody sits behind the other friends. She argued that it is good because the lecturer can monitor all of the students easily and the distractions can be reduced. She also said that each student can get the same portion of attention from the lecturer remembering no one sits in the back row. Because the arrangement is in circle, the lecturer does not need too much moving around while giving explanation, it will also make the lecturer easier to deliver the materials and interact with the students. This arrangement is also good for group work because the students can easily interact with their friends who sit in front or beside them. It really supports the group work because the arrangement already face to face, they are easy to see other friends or group when they are giving groups’ performance in the class. 72 The other interviewee suggested that it is better to change the seating arrangement into the letter “U” seating arrangement. He said that this seating arrangement could give some benefits. First, this arrangement is good for whole class discussion which is usually done in Public Speaking I class. The students who sit in the front row do not need to turn their body to see someone’s presentation who sits in the back row; it means that the students can see their friends directly in the class. He said the lecturer also can observe the students easily. D. Lecturers’ Suggestions for Teaching and Learning Process Using the Traditional Seating Arrangement To dig any suggestions from the lecturers of Public Speaking, the researcher interviewed the lecturers. The following are the descriptions of the suggestions that the lecturers give. The lecturers have the same answers for suggestions in teaching and learning activity in Public Speaking class using traditional seating arrangement. To make teaching and learning activity work efficiently, there should be a special room for speaking class. As we know, Public speaking focuses on cooperative learning. In cooperative learning, most of the activities are done in pair work and group work. It is more appropriate if the arrangement is changed into the circle one. If the arrangement is in circle, all of the students sit in the front and lecturer stands in the middle of the class. All of the students are able to see their lecturer clearly because nobody sits 73