AN ANALYSIS OF STEVE’S PARENTING STYLE FOUND IN “THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
AN ANALYSIS OF STEVE’S PARENTING STYLE FOUND IN
“THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
THESIS
By:
EVIKA TRIAYUNITA
09360230
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
AN ANALYSIS OF STEVE’S PARENTING STYLE FOUND IN
“THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
THESIS
By:
EVIKA TRIAYUNITA
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
AN ANALYSIS OF STEVE’S PARENTING STYLE FOUND IN
“THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements
to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
EVIKA TRIAYUNITA
09360230
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AUGUST 2013
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
And to your Lord turn all your attention
(QS. Al. Insyirah: 8)
Work hard, play hard
(Anonymous)
DEDICATION:
I dedicated this thesis to:
My beloved mother and father,
My Sister and Brother,
My best friends,
And the illuminator of a heart.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL SHEET ................................................................... i
LEGALIZATION ........................................................................ ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION .................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................... iv
ABSTRACT.................................................................................
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................
vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..............................................
1
1.1 Background of Study ...........................................................
1
1.2 Statement of Problem ............................................................
3
1.3 Purpose of Study .................................................................. .
4
1.4 Scope and Limitation .............................................................
4
1.5 Significance of Study.............................................................
5
1.6 Definition of Key Terms .......................................................
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ......
6
2.1 Literature ...............................................................................
6
2.2 Novel .....................................................................................
6
2.2.1 Elements of Novel ..........................................................
7
2.2.1.1 Character and Characterization ..........................
7
2.2.1.2 Conflict ................................................................
9
2.2.1.3 Plot .....................................................................
10
2.2.1.4 Setting .................................................................
11
2.2.1.5 Theme .................................................................
12
2.2.1.6 Point of View ......................................................
13
2.3 Parenting ...............................................................................
13
2.3.1 Parenting Style ................................................................
14
2.3.1.1 Authoritarian Parenting Style ..............................
15
2.3.1.2 Authoritative Parenting Style ...............................
15
2.3.1.3 Permissive Parenting Style ...................................
16
2.3.1.4 Uninvolved Parenting Style ..................................
17
2.4 Single Parent ...........................................................................
17
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ....................
19
3.1 Research Design .....................................................................
19
3.2 Approach ................................................................................
20
3.3 Object of the Study .................................................................
21
3.4 Data Collection .......................................................................
21
3.5 Data Analysis .........................................................................
22
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ........................ 23
4.1 Findings ..................................................................................
23
4.1.1 Steve’s Family .................................................................
23
4.1.2 Steve’s Parenting Styles ..................................................
24
4.1.2.1 Authoritative Parenting Style ...............................
24
4.1.2.2 Permissive Parenting Style ..................................
26
4.1.3 Steve’s Reasons in Choosing Parenting Style .................
30
4.1.3.1 Steve’s Understanding About Ronnie’s
Character .............................................................
30
4.1.3.2 Steve’s Short Time Before His Death .................
31
4.1.4 The Effect of Steve’s Parenting Style .............................
32
4.2 Discussion .............................................................................
35
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION ..............
38
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................
38
5.1.1 Steve’s Parenting Styles ..................................................
38
5.1.2 Steve’s Reason in Choosing Parenting Styles ...............
38
5.1.3 The Effect of Steve’s Parenting Styles ............................
39
5.2 Suggestion .............................................................................
39
5.2.1 Suggestion for the Readers ..............................................
39
5.2.2 Suggestion for the Lecturer .............................................
40
5.2.3 Suggestion for the Next Researcher ................................
40
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................
APPENDIX 1 ..........................................................................................
APPENDIX 2 ..........................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. New York: Wadsworth.
Barnados’ National Children’s Resource Center. 2007. Parenting Positively. Ireland:
Family Support Agency.
Canadian Council On Learning. 2007. Lessons In Learning-Parenting Styles,
Behaviour and Skills and Their Impact on Young Children. (Online),
(http://www.ccl-cca.ca/pdfs/LessonsInLearning/Dec-13-07-Parentingstyles.pdf)
Cleaver, Hedy. 2011. Children’s Need-Parenting Capacity. London: The Stationery
Office.
Holman, C. Hugh and William Harmon. 1986. A Handbook to Literature. New York:
Macmillan Publishing.
Kearns, George. 1987. Understanding Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Kennedy, XJ. 1983. An Introdution to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Boston:
Littlebrown and Company.
Koesnosoebroto, S.B. 1968. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Depdikbud.
Kopko, Kimberly. 2007. Parenting Styles and Adolescents. (Online),
(http://www.human.cornell.edu/pam/outreach/parenting/research/upload/Pare
nting-20Styles-20and-20Adolescents.pdf).
Macmillan. 1984. English and Western Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Meyer, Michael. 1990. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Bedford. St, Martin
Press.
Moody, H.L.B. 1984. Literary Appreciation. England: Longman Group.
Smetana, G. Judith. 2011. Adolescents, Families, and Social Development How Teens
Construct Their Worlds. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
U.S. Department of Education. 2005. Helping Your Child Through Early
Adolescence. Washington: Office of Communication and Outreach.
Weinraub, Marsha. 2002. Handbook of Parenting Volume 3 Being and Becoming A
Parent. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This section presents such topics as background of study, statement of problems,
purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and also
definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows.
1.1 Background of the Study
In the daily life, literature is like a best friend. It can be found in anytime and
anywhere. Literature is meaningful because from literature people are being able to
see the world from other perspective. It means that there are so many ways in seeing
the world not only from the own eyes but someone else’s eyes. Koesnosoebroto
(1988: 2) states, “Literature, then, exists because it pleases us by imitating life, or
more precisely, by displaying its writer’s visions of life as it is or as the writers think
it should be.” It means that literature is a kind of reflection of people’s life and it tells
people how to face a certain problem in their life that may appear based on the
author’s eyes.
Literature cannot be separated from human beings life. For the most cases,
literature deals with life experiences. According to Conolly (in Koesnosoebroto,
1988: 1), “Men read to discover themselves and their world, to assess their special
roles in the universe, to learn the meaning of the personal struggles in which they are
engaged.” It means that, through literature, the readers are able to know about the
problem and the struggle that faced by the other person. Thus, when the readers come
2
to the real life, they are expected to know themselves, to find out what they are
interested in and to make their life better.
There are some kinds of literary works which express the feeling about the
world in the form of language. Moody (1984: 2) states, “There are a number of
different branches such as Drama, Poetry, the Novel, the Short Story; all these are
works of the imagination or the capacity for invention.” Literary works express
happiness, sacrifice, struggle, and conflict of life, either reality or unreality. One of
the kinds of literary works that tell about the human life in extended prose is novel.
There are some excess of novel, the first one is, by reading novel, the readers are able
to look at the character’s experiences about life in series. The second one is the
readers are able to face the problems related to their life based on the author’s
perspective. The third is the language of the novel is easily to understand. The last
one is, the readers are freely imagine about the story of the novel from the effective
and attractive words of the author. Therefore, novel is one of the literary works which
is interesting. Based on the statements above about the excess of novel, the writer
chooses novel to be analyzed.
The novel is chosen because the novel gives the example about the good of
parenting style. Parenting style is important to be analyzed because it helps the
parents about how to nurture the children as well. It also indicates that
demandingness and responsiveness should be balance. Besides, parenting style is
effective in avoiding the misunderstanding between children and parents. The reason
of the writer in choosing the parenting style in this novel is because the parenting
3
style was done by the single father who had a daughter which acted rude towards him
and he successfully handled it. The father used certain parenting style that suit for the
child’s character.
In the previous research done by Reni Dwi Rahmawati (2011) with the titled
“An Analysis on Bridget’s Parenting Style Found In Anita Shreve’s novel “A
Wedding in December”, the researcher discussed the parenting style of the single
mom towards her son. The mom suffered breast cancer which means she would not
live long. She had a son and she nurtured her son very well for the successful future
of her son. She did not curb her son because her son would hate her for the rest of the
life. By studying the previous literature, the result in analyzing parenting style is
useful for the child outcomes.
Based on the explanation above the researcher analyzed Steve’s parenting
style from “The Last Song” in Nicholas Sparks’ novel entitled “An analysis on
Steve’s Parenting Style Found in The Last Song Novel by Nicholas Sparks.”
1.2 Statement of the Problem
There are many problems that can be analyzed in “The Last Song” novel
written by Nicholas Sparks. Therefore, the discussion will be focused on the
problems as follows:
1. What are Steve’s parenting style found in “The Last Song” Novel by Nicholas
Sparks?
4
2. Why does Steve use such parenting style in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks?
3. What are the effects of Steve’s parenting style in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Based on the statements of problems above, the purposes of the study are:
1. to find out Steve’s parenting style found in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks.
2. to explain the reasons of Steve in using such parenting style in “The Last
Song” Novel by Nicholas Sparks.
3. to know the effect of Steve’s parenting style in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks.
1.4 Scope and Limitation
In this study, the writer focused on the novel “The Last Song” written by
Nicholas Sparks. There are many topics that can be analyzed in this novel but the
writer focuses on the kinds of Steve’s parenting style, the reasons of Steve in
choosing parenting style and the effect of Steve’s in his parenting style. Meanwhile,
for the limitation of study, the writer only focuses on Steve. Steve is the father of the
main character.
5
1.5 Significance of the Study
The result of the study is expected to be able to encourage the readers to pay
attention to literature especially novel. The story is expected to be useful for the
readers and get some information about parenting style. For the next researcher
hopefully it can be reference to conduct the similar term of study with different topic.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
In order to avoid misunderstanding and interpreting the terms that is used in
title, the writer would like to describe the definition related to the literature terms
before entering this discussion further.
1. Analysis is a method by which a thing is separated into parts and those parts
are given rigorous, logical, detail, scrutiny, resulting in a consistent and
relatively complete account of the elements of thing and the principles of their
organization. (Holman. 1986: 19)
2. Parenting Style is variations in parents’ disciplining style, warmth, attention
to the needs of the child, and parenting attitudes and beliefs can all be
characterized in terms of consistent patterns of child rearing. (Smetana, 201:
193)
3. Novel is a book-length story in prose, whose author tries to create the sense
that, while we read, we experience actual life. (Kennedy, 1983: 2).
“THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
THESIS
By:
EVIKA TRIAYUNITA
09360230
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
AN ANALYSIS OF STEVE’S PARENTING STYLE FOUND IN
“THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
THESIS
By:
EVIKA TRIAYUNITA
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
AN ANALYSIS OF STEVE’S PARENTING STYLE FOUND IN
“THE LAST SONG” NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements
to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
EVIKA TRIAYUNITA
09360230
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AUGUST 2013
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
And to your Lord turn all your attention
(QS. Al. Insyirah: 8)
Work hard, play hard
(Anonymous)
DEDICATION:
I dedicated this thesis to:
My beloved mother and father,
My Sister and Brother,
My best friends,
And the illuminator of a heart.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL SHEET ................................................................... i
LEGALIZATION ........................................................................ ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION .................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................... iv
ABSTRACT.................................................................................
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................
vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..............................................
1
1.1 Background of Study ...........................................................
1
1.2 Statement of Problem ............................................................
3
1.3 Purpose of Study .................................................................. .
4
1.4 Scope and Limitation .............................................................
4
1.5 Significance of Study.............................................................
5
1.6 Definition of Key Terms .......................................................
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ......
6
2.1 Literature ...............................................................................
6
2.2 Novel .....................................................................................
6
2.2.1 Elements of Novel ..........................................................
7
2.2.1.1 Character and Characterization ..........................
7
2.2.1.2 Conflict ................................................................
9
2.2.1.3 Plot .....................................................................
10
2.2.1.4 Setting .................................................................
11
2.2.1.5 Theme .................................................................
12
2.2.1.6 Point of View ......................................................
13
2.3 Parenting ...............................................................................
13
2.3.1 Parenting Style ................................................................
14
2.3.1.1 Authoritarian Parenting Style ..............................
15
2.3.1.2 Authoritative Parenting Style ...............................
15
2.3.1.3 Permissive Parenting Style ...................................
16
2.3.1.4 Uninvolved Parenting Style ..................................
17
2.4 Single Parent ...........................................................................
17
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ....................
19
3.1 Research Design .....................................................................
19
3.2 Approach ................................................................................
20
3.3 Object of the Study .................................................................
21
3.4 Data Collection .......................................................................
21
3.5 Data Analysis .........................................................................
22
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ........................ 23
4.1 Findings ..................................................................................
23
4.1.1 Steve’s Family .................................................................
23
4.1.2 Steve’s Parenting Styles ..................................................
24
4.1.2.1 Authoritative Parenting Style ...............................
24
4.1.2.2 Permissive Parenting Style ..................................
26
4.1.3 Steve’s Reasons in Choosing Parenting Style .................
30
4.1.3.1 Steve’s Understanding About Ronnie’s
Character .............................................................
30
4.1.3.2 Steve’s Short Time Before His Death .................
31
4.1.4 The Effect of Steve’s Parenting Style .............................
32
4.2 Discussion .............................................................................
35
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION ..............
38
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................
38
5.1.1 Steve’s Parenting Styles ..................................................
38
5.1.2 Steve’s Reason in Choosing Parenting Styles ...............
38
5.1.3 The Effect of Steve’s Parenting Styles ............................
39
5.2 Suggestion .............................................................................
39
5.2.1 Suggestion for the Readers ..............................................
39
5.2.2 Suggestion for the Lecturer .............................................
40
5.2.3 Suggestion for the Next Researcher ................................
40
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................
APPENDIX 1 ..........................................................................................
APPENDIX 2 ..........................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. New York: Wadsworth.
Barnados’ National Children’s Resource Center. 2007. Parenting Positively. Ireland:
Family Support Agency.
Canadian Council On Learning. 2007. Lessons In Learning-Parenting Styles,
Behaviour and Skills and Their Impact on Young Children. (Online),
(http://www.ccl-cca.ca/pdfs/LessonsInLearning/Dec-13-07-Parentingstyles.pdf)
Cleaver, Hedy. 2011. Children’s Need-Parenting Capacity. London: The Stationery
Office.
Holman, C. Hugh and William Harmon. 1986. A Handbook to Literature. New York:
Macmillan Publishing.
Kearns, George. 1987. Understanding Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Kennedy, XJ. 1983. An Introdution to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Boston:
Littlebrown and Company.
Koesnosoebroto, S.B. 1968. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Depdikbud.
Kopko, Kimberly. 2007. Parenting Styles and Adolescents. (Online),
(http://www.human.cornell.edu/pam/outreach/parenting/research/upload/Pare
nting-20Styles-20and-20Adolescents.pdf).
Macmillan. 1984. English and Western Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Meyer, Michael. 1990. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Bedford. St, Martin
Press.
Moody, H.L.B. 1984. Literary Appreciation. England: Longman Group.
Smetana, G. Judith. 2011. Adolescents, Families, and Social Development How Teens
Construct Their Worlds. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
U.S. Department of Education. 2005. Helping Your Child Through Early
Adolescence. Washington: Office of Communication and Outreach.
Weinraub, Marsha. 2002. Handbook of Parenting Volume 3 Being and Becoming A
Parent. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This section presents such topics as background of study, statement of problems,
purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and also
definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows.
1.1 Background of the Study
In the daily life, literature is like a best friend. It can be found in anytime and
anywhere. Literature is meaningful because from literature people are being able to
see the world from other perspective. It means that there are so many ways in seeing
the world not only from the own eyes but someone else’s eyes. Koesnosoebroto
(1988: 2) states, “Literature, then, exists because it pleases us by imitating life, or
more precisely, by displaying its writer’s visions of life as it is or as the writers think
it should be.” It means that literature is a kind of reflection of people’s life and it tells
people how to face a certain problem in their life that may appear based on the
author’s eyes.
Literature cannot be separated from human beings life. For the most cases,
literature deals with life experiences. According to Conolly (in Koesnosoebroto,
1988: 1), “Men read to discover themselves and their world, to assess their special
roles in the universe, to learn the meaning of the personal struggles in which they are
engaged.” It means that, through literature, the readers are able to know about the
problem and the struggle that faced by the other person. Thus, when the readers come
2
to the real life, they are expected to know themselves, to find out what they are
interested in and to make their life better.
There are some kinds of literary works which express the feeling about the
world in the form of language. Moody (1984: 2) states, “There are a number of
different branches such as Drama, Poetry, the Novel, the Short Story; all these are
works of the imagination or the capacity for invention.” Literary works express
happiness, sacrifice, struggle, and conflict of life, either reality or unreality. One of
the kinds of literary works that tell about the human life in extended prose is novel.
There are some excess of novel, the first one is, by reading novel, the readers are able
to look at the character’s experiences about life in series. The second one is the
readers are able to face the problems related to their life based on the author’s
perspective. The third is the language of the novel is easily to understand. The last
one is, the readers are freely imagine about the story of the novel from the effective
and attractive words of the author. Therefore, novel is one of the literary works which
is interesting. Based on the statements above about the excess of novel, the writer
chooses novel to be analyzed.
The novel is chosen because the novel gives the example about the good of
parenting style. Parenting style is important to be analyzed because it helps the
parents about how to nurture the children as well. It also indicates that
demandingness and responsiveness should be balance. Besides, parenting style is
effective in avoiding the misunderstanding between children and parents. The reason
of the writer in choosing the parenting style in this novel is because the parenting
3
style was done by the single father who had a daughter which acted rude towards him
and he successfully handled it. The father used certain parenting style that suit for the
child’s character.
In the previous research done by Reni Dwi Rahmawati (2011) with the titled
“An Analysis on Bridget’s Parenting Style Found In Anita Shreve’s novel “A
Wedding in December”, the researcher discussed the parenting style of the single
mom towards her son. The mom suffered breast cancer which means she would not
live long. She had a son and she nurtured her son very well for the successful future
of her son. She did not curb her son because her son would hate her for the rest of the
life. By studying the previous literature, the result in analyzing parenting style is
useful for the child outcomes.
Based on the explanation above the researcher analyzed Steve’s parenting
style from “The Last Song” in Nicholas Sparks’ novel entitled “An analysis on
Steve’s Parenting Style Found in The Last Song Novel by Nicholas Sparks.”
1.2 Statement of the Problem
There are many problems that can be analyzed in “The Last Song” novel
written by Nicholas Sparks. Therefore, the discussion will be focused on the
problems as follows:
1. What are Steve’s parenting style found in “The Last Song” Novel by Nicholas
Sparks?
4
2. Why does Steve use such parenting style in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks?
3. What are the effects of Steve’s parenting style in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Based on the statements of problems above, the purposes of the study are:
1. to find out Steve’s parenting style found in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks.
2. to explain the reasons of Steve in using such parenting style in “The Last
Song” Novel by Nicholas Sparks.
3. to know the effect of Steve’s parenting style in “The Last Song” Novel by
Nicholas Sparks.
1.4 Scope and Limitation
In this study, the writer focused on the novel “The Last Song” written by
Nicholas Sparks. There are many topics that can be analyzed in this novel but the
writer focuses on the kinds of Steve’s parenting style, the reasons of Steve in
choosing parenting style and the effect of Steve’s in his parenting style. Meanwhile,
for the limitation of study, the writer only focuses on Steve. Steve is the father of the
main character.
5
1.5 Significance of the Study
The result of the study is expected to be able to encourage the readers to pay
attention to literature especially novel. The story is expected to be useful for the
readers and get some information about parenting style. For the next researcher
hopefully it can be reference to conduct the similar term of study with different topic.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
In order to avoid misunderstanding and interpreting the terms that is used in
title, the writer would like to describe the definition related to the literature terms
before entering this discussion further.
1. Analysis is a method by which a thing is separated into parts and those parts
are given rigorous, logical, detail, scrutiny, resulting in a consistent and
relatively complete account of the elements of thing and the principles of their
organization. (Holman. 1986: 19)
2. Parenting Style is variations in parents’ disciplining style, warmth, attention
to the needs of the child, and parenting attitudes and beliefs can all be
characterized in terms of consistent patterns of child rearing. (Smetana, 201:
193)
3. Novel is a book-length story in prose, whose author tries to create the sense
that, while we read, we experience actual life. (Kennedy, 1983: 2).