6. SIMPULAN UMUM DAN SARAN 6.1. Simpulan umum
Iktiodiversitas di Segara Menyan didominasi oleh ikan estuari pendatang dari laut menurut kategori ekologisnya. Sebagian besar ikan-ikan di Segara Menyan
berada pada fase juwana dalam siklus kehidupannya. Densitas dan biomassa ikan terbesar ditemukan di zona pantai.
Sebaran komunitas ikan di Segara Menyan dipengaruhi oleh variasi spasio- temporal fisik-kimiawi perairan. Variasi jelas ditunjukkan pada densitas, diversitas,
dan kekayaan spesies ikan. Variabel suhu, salinitas, kecerahan, oksigen terlarut merupakan faktor penentu sebaran ikan, khususnya di zona segara.
Ikan-ikan di Segara Menyan memiliki tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya makanan yang rendah dengan dominasi kelompok zooplankton. Serikat trofik terdiri
atas tujuh kategori dan didominasi oleh zooplanktivora dengan tingkat trofik 2,54- 3,86 2,05-4,73. Krustasivora dan pisivora ikut mendominasi perairan ini. Jejaring
trofik yang terbentuk dipengaruhi oleh variasi spasio-temporal. Faktor perubahan ontogenetik, persediaan makanan, karakteristik habitat, dan ruaya beberapa spesies
ikan memengaruhi variasi spasio-temporal jejaring makanaan di Segara Menyan. Faktor-faktor ini menjadi pertimbangan dalam mengelola perairan Segara Menyan
dan perairan sejenis. Berdasarkan pendekatan ekologi trofik komunitas ikan disusun strategi
pengelolaan dalam rangka konservasi sumber daya ikan. Strategi yang dapat dikembangkan di Segara Menyan yaitu pengembangan perikanan rekreasi, regulasi
perikanan tangkap, dan pengelolaan habitat fauna ikan.
6.2. Saran
Pada penelitian ini, belum bisa ditentukan spesies kunci yang berperan penting dalam interaksi trofik komunitas ikan di Segara Menyan. Oleh karena itu, masih
terbuka peluang untuk melakukan penelitian guna menentukan spesies kunci tersebut. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini semakin lengkap dalam menggambarkan interaksi
trofik komunitas ikan.
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