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subject position.
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In English, passive voice should pay attention to the tenses. Tense expresses the relationship between the timeof the described event and
reference time.
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a.
The Subject of Passive Sentence as a Sufferer
Example: 1
The airplane was flown by the pilot. In sentence 1, subject the airplane is not the agent of the verb flown. That
means the subject the airplane in the sentence above contributes as object.
b. The Movement of Active Sentence Object into Subject in Passive Sentence
Example: 2a he washes the car. Active
2b the car is washes by him. Passive The sentences above show the transference of the object the car in the
active sentence, into subject in passive sentence.
c. The Use of Transitive Sentence.
Example: 3aThe pilot flew the plane active
3bThe plane was flown the plane. passive The example 3a is transitive passive sentence. The transitive sign shows
in the verb of active sentence transitive verb. The transitive verb flew must be
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Peter. Ibid p.161
32
Emma L. Pavey, The Structure of Language an Introduction to Grammatical Analysis, UK: Canbridge University Press, 2010. p. 17
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followed by an object. In the example 3b the transitive verb flown must be followed by an object the plane.
d. The change from active verb into passive verb
To change a sentence from active into passive, the sentence must meet several requirements as written below:
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1. The active sentence which will be changed into passive sentence must have an
object. Example: He is closing the window
object
2. Subject in active sentence changed into object in passive sentence, and the
object in active sentence change into the subject in passive sentence. Example:
ACTIVE SENTENCE PASSIVE SENTENCE
they are playing the guitar The guitar is being played by them
object subject
3. The verb in passive sentence must use past participle which is preceded by to
be is, am, are, was, were, being, been followed by a preposition by. Example:
ACTIVE SENTENCE PASSIVE SENTENCE
they are playing the guitar the guitar is being playedby them
predicate predicate reposition
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Rudy Hariyono and Andrew Mc. Carthy, ABC Plus English Gramma, Surabaya: Gitamedia Press: 2008 p. 497
