8 subject and one predicate” p. 71. Therefore, a subject and a verb take an
important role in each simple sentence.
3. XB Students in SMA Santo Mikael Sleman
SMA Santo Mikael is one of the senior high schools which are located in the remote area in Sleman. Mostly, the students are from outside Jogjakarta. Most
of them moved from other schools. They brought their own problems in the school.
Ten B XB is one of the classes in SMA Santo Mikael Sleman, which consists of 13 students. There are seven boys and six girls. The ages of the
students are between 15-17 years old. The number of the students in the class XB was reduced from 22 students in the first semester into 13 students in the second
semester since there was school’s policy which required some students to move to other schools.
Most of the ten B students had not achieved the writing objectives of senior high school in the English subject in which the students are expected to
write texts. It was because they had not understood what a sentence means. The students wrote incomplete sentences and ungrammatical sentences. As a result,
their writing products were difficult to understand. From the description, it could be concluded that the writing ability of ten B students was in the beginning level.
They needed to learn and understand what a complete sentence meant.
9
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, the researcher would like to put some theories which are relevant to the problem of the research. This chapter is divided into two parts. The
first part is theoretical description and the other is theoretical framework.
A. Theoretical Description
In this theoretical description, the theories which are relevant to the research are discussed. They are the meaning of composition, sentences, teaching
grammar, and Classroom Action Research CAR.
1. The Meaning of Composition
Mallery 1957 explains that “Composition is concerned with “putting together” of parts to form a whole: words into sentences, sentences into
paragraphs, and paragraphs into longer units such as essays and narratives” p. 2. Writing has levels of difficulties from constructing words into sentences,
sentences into paragraphs, and paragraphs into longer composition.
2. Sentences
In this part, the researcher is going to present the definition of sentence, four sentence structure classifications, four sentence errors, and improving
sentence structure.
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