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1. Grammar Translation Method
This method is used for the purpose of helping students read and appreciate foreign language literature. The characteristics of this method are:
The ability to communicate in the target language. Emphasizing vocabulary and grammar.
Primary skills at reading and writing. The use of the native language by the students and the teacher.
2. Direct Method
The direct method has one basic rule that is no translation allowed. The characteristic of this method are that:
Reading in the target language should be taught from the beginning language instruction.
Object e.g. realia of pictures present in the immediate classroom environment should be used to help students understand the meaning.
The native language should not be used in the classroom. The teacher should demonstrate, not explain and translate.
3. Audio Lingual Method
This method concerns pronunciation, pattern drills, and conversation practice. The characteristics of this method are that:
The aim is the students can be able to use the target language communicatively.
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The narrative language and the target language have separate linguistic systems.
Students should learn to respond to either verbal stimuli. Speech is more basic to language than the written form.
4. Communicative Approach
This method involves real communication. The characteristics of this method are that:
The target language is a vehicle for classroom communication. The goal is to enable students to communicate in the target language.
Students should be given an opportunity to express their ideas and opinions.
5. Community Language Learning
Community language learning is based on two basic principles: learning is person and learning is dynamic and creative means that a teacher considers not
only their student’s intellect, but also she has some understanding of the relationship among student’s feelings, physical reactions, instinctive
protective reactions, and desire to learn. The characteristics of this method are that:
Building relationship with and among the students is very important. Any new learning experience can be threatening.
Teacher and student are whole person, means that a teacher considers not only their student’s intellect, but also he or she has some understanding of
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the relationship among student’s feelings, physical reactions, instinctive protective reactions, and desire to learn.
Larsen and Freeman, 2000:11-136 From the explanation above, the most suitable language methodology used
in teaching fourth grade students at SD ISLAM AL-HILAL KARTASURA is Grammar translation method.
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CHAPTER III DISCUSSION
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