PERILAKU ETIS DAN TIDAK ETIS DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI
PERILAKU ETIS DAN
TIDAK ETIS DALAM
KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI
Week 3
Nilai Etika
Nilai etika merupakan keyakinan dan pemikiran yang
kita pelajari dan kita hayati yang merupakan warisan
dari sejak usia dini yang kita dapatkan dari orang tua
dan lingkungan sekitar.
Case Study:
Andy was a taxi driver in a city. One day a passenger left his briefcase in the
car. Andy noticed it only when he was going home for lunch. He did not know
what to do. He thought of opening it to see if the name and address of the
owner was given. When he opened the briefcase he was surprised to find
many valuable documents and cash in it. He found a card with a name and
address of the owner on it. He drove straight to the owner’s house and
returned the briefcase. The owner was grateful and rewarded Andy for his
honesty.
Nilai Etika
Nilai dalam Hidup
Beberapa nilai penting dalam kehidupan yang harus
kita miliki yaitu:
• Jujur
• Menghargai pekerjaan
• Ketepatan waktu, keteraturan dan disiplin
• Sopan santun
• Bijak dalam bersikap
• Inisiatif
• Efisien dalam tugas
Hak dan Kewajiban Individu
Hak adalah bentuk penghargaan kepada individu
terhadap setiap usaha yang kita kerjakan.
Kewajiban merupakan suatu usaha yang dilakukan oleh
individu dengan mengerahkan semua kemampuan yang
ada.
Hak dan kewajiban merupakan suatu hal yang tidak
bisa dipisahkan, seorang individu hanya bisa
memperoleh hak ketika dia sudah mengerjakan
kewajibannya.
Hak dan Kewajiban Individu
Case:
Ankita was a class ten student. She was rude and had no respect for her elders. She would neither help
her mother nor would she listen to her father. Instead she always argued with them on small issues. She
would also be very rude to her neighbours. Her parents always wanted her to act in a responsible and a
mature manner.
We all live in a family which nurtures us as individuals. We develop our abilities, give and receive love
and dare to dream. Family life provides an individual an opportunity to learn and to establish and
maintain healthy relations. Important social skills like caring, sharing, tolerance and empathy are all
learnt in our home.
One day Ankita’s family decided to make her realize her mistake. Ankita woke up late and began rushing
around for getting ready for school. She shouted at everyone for her things, but no one listened to her.
She somehow managed to get ready and reached school late. She was scolded for being late to school.
When Ankita came home in the afternoon, her mother sat by her and asked her how she felt about the
morning experience. Ankita realizes that if she was rude, disrespectful and uncooperative, others would
treat her in the same way. Have your ever behaved like Ankita? How would you feel if your family
members would behave the same way as they did with Ankita?
Ankita realized her mistake and promised her mother to act responsibly in future. Our responsible
behaviour brings a lot of satisfaction to us and as well as others. Ankita helped her grandmother with
all the little things she could do for her and in reward would get a lot of blessings from her. She took the
responsibility of taking her grandmother to the dispensary for her monthly checkups. She started
teaching the vegetable vendor’s children to read and write. Hence, we understand that every individual
has some rights and responsibilities as a member of a family as well as a community. Only when the
rights and responsibilities are taken together, there will be peace and harmony all around.
Peduli dan Menghargai Orang Lain
Peduli merupakan suatu sikap untuk turut serta dalam
bertindak dan proaktif dalam melibatkan diri dengan
lingkungan atau kondisi yang ada di sekitar kita.
Menghargai merupakan suatu kemampuan untuk
menempatkan diri dalam suatu situasi dengan
memperhatikan kepentingan orang lain dan
kepentingan diri sendiri
Peduli dan Menghargai Orang Lain
Simple case:
Q.1 When you enter a room do you remember to greet every
single person in the room?
Q.2 When you visit a friend’s home, do you remember to take
leave from the elders of that house?
Q.3 When your friends visit you, do you introduce them to your
other family members?
Q.4 Do you raise your voice when you argue with elders?
Q.5 Do you make a plan to go out without informing your
mother or change the channel to your favourite TV programme
without caring about the other family members?
Q.6 Do you always stay away on important days in the family?
Toleransi, Empati dan Sikap Positif
Toleransi adalah sikap atau kemampuan untuk
menerima pendapat ataupun perilaku orang lain yang
berbeda terhadap diri pribadi.
Empati merupakan sebuah kapasitas diri untuk mampu
merasakan suatu situasi yang sedang dialami oleh
orang lain dan turut serta bertindak dalam situasi
tersebut.
Sikap positif adalah bentuk sikap dan pemahaman diri
untuk melihat sisi baik dan berperilaku optimis dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari.
Toleransi, Empati dan Sikap Positif
Case:
A farmer had some puppies which he wanted to sell. So he put up an
advertisement. A little boy wanted to buy one of the puppies. The
puppies were very expensive and the boy did not have enough money.
Searching his pocket, he pulled out Rs.10 and asked the farmer if it was
enough to take a look at the puppies. The farmer agreed. The boy
was delighted to see them. Suddenly, he noticed that one of the
puppies was walking in an awkward manner. “I want that one,” the
little boy said. The farmer informed that the puppy will never be able
to run and play with him, since it had a limp. The boy paused for a
while and insisted on buying that particular pup only. It was because
those who are not able to run and play have less friends and he did not
want that the pup to be lonely. The farmer was so moved by the
empathetic gesture of the little boy that he handed over that puppy to
him.
Perilaku Tidak Etis
Beberapa isu perilaku yang sering kita temui dalam kehidupan
sehari-hari diantaranya:
1. Ketidak teraturan dan tidak tepat waktu
2. Kasar dan kurang kepedulian
3. Membuang sumber daya
4. Tidak taat aturan
5. Kurang menghargai dan menghormati
6. Tidak setia
7. Korupsi
8. Bersikap merusak
9. Tidak Jujur
Perilaku Tidak Etis dalam Sikap Kerja
Hasil riset yang dilakukan oleh Institute of Leadership and
Management di Inggris yang bertanya kepada 1600 orang
manajer tentang apa saja perilaku tidak etis yang sering
ditemui di tempat kerja.
(AV: Maria Amelie, 2014)
Perilaku tersebut yaitu:
1. Mengambil jalan pintas dalam pekerjaan/ hasil kerja yang
buruk: 72%
2. Berbohong untuk menyembunyikan kesalahan: 72%
3. Menjelek-jelekkan rekan kerja: 68%
4. Melempar pekerjaan kepada orang lain ketika tidak bisa
dikerjakan: 67%
Perilaku Tidak Etis dalam Sikap Kerja
5. Lalai dalam pekerjaan: 64%
6. Berbohong untuk menyembunyikan kesalahan teman: 63%
7. Mengambil pujian terhadap hasil kerja orang lain: 57%
8. Pura-pura sakit: 56%
9. Berbohong terhadap pengalaman dan kemampuan yang
dimiliki: 54%
10. Sering mengambil tugas yang mudah: 52%
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
Diskusi kasus atau Tugas.
Camille Johnson Ph.D
It is becoming increasingly normal to hear about fraud, lies, and
less than ethical behavior in all walks of life. Everyday new
politicians, business leaders, and athletes are added to lists of
the disgraced. Last fall, scandalous behavior rocked my own
professional community. An honored scientist confessed to
fabricating data (in the spirit of full disclosure, he was a friend
who I had worked with for 10 years). While it is natural to first
wonder why someone would engage in fraud or how it could go
on for so many years, it is also important to consider how a
fraudulently inflated performance affects others. That is, if
someone gets ahead by secretly cheating and sets an impossibly
high standard, how will it affect other people in
the environment?
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
There are at least three ways unethical behavior can harm other
people - even people not directly connected to the bad acts:
First, it might discourage people by making them feel
inadequate. People are apt to regard the successful other as a
standard bearer, especially if they believe that the performance
was achieved fairly and that they should be able to attain similar
levels of performance. I worry about this for my son. In his
classroom and in his Cub Scout Pinewood Derby, I see projects
submitted that are obviously more the work of the parent than
the child. These projects make the work of actual six and sevenyear olds look shabby in the classroom; on the racetrack, they
simply cannot compete. I tell my son not to worry about it, to
recognize that he has done his best effort and that he should be
proud of himself, but I still I worry that he'll be discouraged.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
Second, it might make people act recklessly. People might
believe that risky behavior is the only way to get ahead. This
might account for some of the risky behavior in the financial
markets - the only way to get ahead was to act in increasingly
risky ways. But, this behavior isn’t exclusive to highly-paid
athletes and CEOs. Even normal folks can sometimes take
competitiveness too far.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
For example, the website Strava provides cyclists with
opportunities to post the routes they have ridden, as well as best
times and performances. The fastest rider on a particular route
becomes “King of the Mountain.” Although it only a title on a
website, the KOM title is valued by subscribers and can lead
people to engage in risky behaviors to obtain them. For example,
there have been a number of instances in which people striving
to obtain the KOM title have been involved in accidents, with
tragic outcomes for themselves and others. Just last year, one
rider was descending a hill at 10 miles over the posted speed
limit, flipped on his bike, and was fatally injured.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
Finally, it can lead other people to act unethically. If unethical
behaviors are known (or rumored) and the performer still gets
rewards, it can create the impression that these bad behaviors
are acceptable. In this way, one cheater can lead to more
cheating by others: first, by creating a standard that can only be
met by cheating; and second, by contributing to a belief that
everyone is doing it. You can imagine these dynamics at work in
the Tour de France peloton. For years, doping and use of
performance-enhancing drugs was an open secret among the
riders. The accolades (and prize money) won by those engaging
in doping created a standard of performance; and the belief that
everyone was doing it created a norm in which doping was
acceptable.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
In these ways social comparison can make unethical behavior
contagious. By comparing performances and behaviors to others,
people treat enhanced-performances as standards and come to
believe that the only way to get ahead is through repeating
questionable behaviors.
TIDAK ETIS DALAM
KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI
Week 3
Nilai Etika
Nilai etika merupakan keyakinan dan pemikiran yang
kita pelajari dan kita hayati yang merupakan warisan
dari sejak usia dini yang kita dapatkan dari orang tua
dan lingkungan sekitar.
Case Study:
Andy was a taxi driver in a city. One day a passenger left his briefcase in the
car. Andy noticed it only when he was going home for lunch. He did not know
what to do. He thought of opening it to see if the name and address of the
owner was given. When he opened the briefcase he was surprised to find
many valuable documents and cash in it. He found a card with a name and
address of the owner on it. He drove straight to the owner’s house and
returned the briefcase. The owner was grateful and rewarded Andy for his
honesty.
Nilai Etika
Nilai dalam Hidup
Beberapa nilai penting dalam kehidupan yang harus
kita miliki yaitu:
• Jujur
• Menghargai pekerjaan
• Ketepatan waktu, keteraturan dan disiplin
• Sopan santun
• Bijak dalam bersikap
• Inisiatif
• Efisien dalam tugas
Hak dan Kewajiban Individu
Hak adalah bentuk penghargaan kepada individu
terhadap setiap usaha yang kita kerjakan.
Kewajiban merupakan suatu usaha yang dilakukan oleh
individu dengan mengerahkan semua kemampuan yang
ada.
Hak dan kewajiban merupakan suatu hal yang tidak
bisa dipisahkan, seorang individu hanya bisa
memperoleh hak ketika dia sudah mengerjakan
kewajibannya.
Hak dan Kewajiban Individu
Case:
Ankita was a class ten student. She was rude and had no respect for her elders. She would neither help
her mother nor would she listen to her father. Instead she always argued with them on small issues. She
would also be very rude to her neighbours. Her parents always wanted her to act in a responsible and a
mature manner.
We all live in a family which nurtures us as individuals. We develop our abilities, give and receive love
and dare to dream. Family life provides an individual an opportunity to learn and to establish and
maintain healthy relations. Important social skills like caring, sharing, tolerance and empathy are all
learnt in our home.
One day Ankita’s family decided to make her realize her mistake. Ankita woke up late and began rushing
around for getting ready for school. She shouted at everyone for her things, but no one listened to her.
She somehow managed to get ready and reached school late. She was scolded for being late to school.
When Ankita came home in the afternoon, her mother sat by her and asked her how she felt about the
morning experience. Ankita realizes that if she was rude, disrespectful and uncooperative, others would
treat her in the same way. Have your ever behaved like Ankita? How would you feel if your family
members would behave the same way as they did with Ankita?
Ankita realized her mistake and promised her mother to act responsibly in future. Our responsible
behaviour brings a lot of satisfaction to us and as well as others. Ankita helped her grandmother with
all the little things she could do for her and in reward would get a lot of blessings from her. She took the
responsibility of taking her grandmother to the dispensary for her monthly checkups. She started
teaching the vegetable vendor’s children to read and write. Hence, we understand that every individual
has some rights and responsibilities as a member of a family as well as a community. Only when the
rights and responsibilities are taken together, there will be peace and harmony all around.
Peduli dan Menghargai Orang Lain
Peduli merupakan suatu sikap untuk turut serta dalam
bertindak dan proaktif dalam melibatkan diri dengan
lingkungan atau kondisi yang ada di sekitar kita.
Menghargai merupakan suatu kemampuan untuk
menempatkan diri dalam suatu situasi dengan
memperhatikan kepentingan orang lain dan
kepentingan diri sendiri
Peduli dan Menghargai Orang Lain
Simple case:
Q.1 When you enter a room do you remember to greet every
single person in the room?
Q.2 When you visit a friend’s home, do you remember to take
leave from the elders of that house?
Q.3 When your friends visit you, do you introduce them to your
other family members?
Q.4 Do you raise your voice when you argue with elders?
Q.5 Do you make a plan to go out without informing your
mother or change the channel to your favourite TV programme
without caring about the other family members?
Q.6 Do you always stay away on important days in the family?
Toleransi, Empati dan Sikap Positif
Toleransi adalah sikap atau kemampuan untuk
menerima pendapat ataupun perilaku orang lain yang
berbeda terhadap diri pribadi.
Empati merupakan sebuah kapasitas diri untuk mampu
merasakan suatu situasi yang sedang dialami oleh
orang lain dan turut serta bertindak dalam situasi
tersebut.
Sikap positif adalah bentuk sikap dan pemahaman diri
untuk melihat sisi baik dan berperilaku optimis dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari.
Toleransi, Empati dan Sikap Positif
Case:
A farmer had some puppies which he wanted to sell. So he put up an
advertisement. A little boy wanted to buy one of the puppies. The
puppies were very expensive and the boy did not have enough money.
Searching his pocket, he pulled out Rs.10 and asked the farmer if it was
enough to take a look at the puppies. The farmer agreed. The boy
was delighted to see them. Suddenly, he noticed that one of the
puppies was walking in an awkward manner. “I want that one,” the
little boy said. The farmer informed that the puppy will never be able
to run and play with him, since it had a limp. The boy paused for a
while and insisted on buying that particular pup only. It was because
those who are not able to run and play have less friends and he did not
want that the pup to be lonely. The farmer was so moved by the
empathetic gesture of the little boy that he handed over that puppy to
him.
Perilaku Tidak Etis
Beberapa isu perilaku yang sering kita temui dalam kehidupan
sehari-hari diantaranya:
1. Ketidak teraturan dan tidak tepat waktu
2. Kasar dan kurang kepedulian
3. Membuang sumber daya
4. Tidak taat aturan
5. Kurang menghargai dan menghormati
6. Tidak setia
7. Korupsi
8. Bersikap merusak
9. Tidak Jujur
Perilaku Tidak Etis dalam Sikap Kerja
Hasil riset yang dilakukan oleh Institute of Leadership and
Management di Inggris yang bertanya kepada 1600 orang
manajer tentang apa saja perilaku tidak etis yang sering
ditemui di tempat kerja.
(AV: Maria Amelie, 2014)
Perilaku tersebut yaitu:
1. Mengambil jalan pintas dalam pekerjaan/ hasil kerja yang
buruk: 72%
2. Berbohong untuk menyembunyikan kesalahan: 72%
3. Menjelek-jelekkan rekan kerja: 68%
4. Melempar pekerjaan kepada orang lain ketika tidak bisa
dikerjakan: 67%
Perilaku Tidak Etis dalam Sikap Kerja
5. Lalai dalam pekerjaan: 64%
6. Berbohong untuk menyembunyikan kesalahan teman: 63%
7. Mengambil pujian terhadap hasil kerja orang lain: 57%
8. Pura-pura sakit: 56%
9. Berbohong terhadap pengalaman dan kemampuan yang
dimiliki: 54%
10. Sering mengambil tugas yang mudah: 52%
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
Diskusi kasus atau Tugas.
Camille Johnson Ph.D
It is becoming increasingly normal to hear about fraud, lies, and
less than ethical behavior in all walks of life. Everyday new
politicians, business leaders, and athletes are added to lists of
the disgraced. Last fall, scandalous behavior rocked my own
professional community. An honored scientist confessed to
fabricating data (in the spirit of full disclosure, he was a friend
who I had worked with for 10 years). While it is natural to first
wonder why someone would engage in fraud or how it could go
on for so many years, it is also important to consider how a
fraudulently inflated performance affects others. That is, if
someone gets ahead by secretly cheating and sets an impossibly
high standard, how will it affect other people in
the environment?
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
There are at least three ways unethical behavior can harm other
people - even people not directly connected to the bad acts:
First, it might discourage people by making them feel
inadequate. People are apt to regard the successful other as a
standard bearer, especially if they believe that the performance
was achieved fairly and that they should be able to attain similar
levels of performance. I worry about this for my son. In his
classroom and in his Cub Scout Pinewood Derby, I see projects
submitted that are obviously more the work of the parent than
the child. These projects make the work of actual six and sevenyear olds look shabby in the classroom; on the racetrack, they
simply cannot compete. I tell my son not to worry about it, to
recognize that he has done his best effort and that he should be
proud of himself, but I still I worry that he'll be discouraged.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
Second, it might make people act recklessly. People might
believe that risky behavior is the only way to get ahead. This
might account for some of the risky behavior in the financial
markets - the only way to get ahead was to act in increasingly
risky ways. But, this behavior isn’t exclusive to highly-paid
athletes and CEOs. Even normal folks can sometimes take
competitiveness too far.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
For example, the website Strava provides cyclists with
opportunities to post the routes they have ridden, as well as best
times and performances. The fastest rider on a particular route
becomes “King of the Mountain.” Although it only a title on a
website, the KOM title is valued by subscribers and can lead
people to engage in risky behaviors to obtain them. For example,
there have been a number of instances in which people striving
to obtain the KOM title have been involved in accidents, with
tragic outcomes for themselves and others. Just last year, one
rider was descending a hill at 10 miles over the posted speed
limit, flipped on his bike, and was fatally injured.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
Finally, it can lead other people to act unethically. If unethical
behaviors are known (or rumored) and the performer still gets
rewards, it can create the impression that these bad behaviors
are acceptable. In this way, one cheater can lead to more
cheating by others: first, by creating a standard that can only be
met by cheating; and second, by contributing to a belief that
everyone is doing it. You can imagine these dynamics at work in
the Tour de France peloton. For years, doping and use of
performance-enhancing drugs was an open secret among the
riders. The accolades (and prize money) won by those engaging
in doping created a standard of performance; and the belief that
everyone was doing it created a norm in which doping was
acceptable.
Unethical Behavior Can Be Contagious
In these ways social comparison can make unethical behavior
contagious. By comparing performances and behaviors to others,
people treat enhanced-performances as standards and come to
believe that the only way to get ahead is through repeating
questionable behaviors.