Perbandingan Efektivitas Mebendazole dan Levamisole sebagai Terapi Tunggal atau Kombinasi pada Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. Margono SS, Abidin SAN. Nematoda usus. Dalam: Gandahusada S,
Ilahude HH, Pribadi W, penyunting. Helmintologi. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: BP
FKUI; 2003. h.1-34
2. Montresor A, Crompton DWT, Gyorkos TW, Savioli L. Dalam: Helminth
control in school-age children. Geneva: WHO; 2002. h.1-24
3. Keiser J, Utzinger J. Efficacy of current drugs against soil-transmitted
helminth infections, systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;
299:1937-48
4. Mardiana, Djarismawati. Prevalensi cacing usus pada murid sekolah
dasar wajib belajar pelayanan gerakan terpadu pengentasan kemiskinan
daerah kumuh di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan. 2008;
7:769-74
5. Firmansyah I, Ginting SA, Lubis M, Lubis IZ, Pasaribu S, Lubis CP. Factor
associated with the transmission of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among
schoolchildren. Pediatrica Indonesia. 2004; 44:127-32
6. Ezeamama AE, Fridman JF, Acosta LP, Bellinger DC, Langdon GC,
Manalo DL, dkk. Helminth infection and cognitive impairment among
Filipino children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;72:540-8
7. Abidin SAN, Hadidjaja P. The effet of soil-transmitted helminth infection on
the cognitive function of school children. Dalam: Crompton DWT,
Montresor A, Nesheim MC, Savioli L, penyunting. Controlling disease due
to helminth infections. Geneva: WHO; 2003. h.67-71
8. Albonico M, Bickle Q, Ramsan M, Montresor A, Savioli L, Taylor M.
Efficacy of mebendazole and levamisole alone or in combination againts
intestinal nematode infections after repeated targeted mebendazole
treatment in Zanzibar. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2003;
81:343-52
9. Albonico M, Bickle Q, Haji HJ, Ramsan M, Khatib KJ, Montresor A, et al.
Evaluation of the efficacy of pyrantel-oxantel for the treatment of soiltransmitted nematode infections. Transactions of the Royal Society of
Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2002; 96:685-90
10. Schistosomiasis and Intestital Parasites Unit Division of Control of
Tropical Diseases. Report of the WHO informal consultation on the use of
chemotherapy for the control of morbidity due to soil-transmitted
nematodes in human. Geneva: WHO; 1996. h.12-22
11. Sukarban S, Santoso SO. Kemoterapi parasit. Dalam: Ganiswara SG,
Setiabudy R, Suyatna FD, Purwantyastuti, penyunting. Farmakologi dan
terapi. Edisi ke-4. Jakarta: Gaya Baru; 1995. h.523-7
12. Syarif A, Elysabeth. Antelmintik. Dalam: Gunawan SG, Setiabudy R,
Nafrialdi, Elysabeth, penyunting. Farmakologi dan terapi. Edisi ke-5.
Jakarta: Gaya Baru; 2007. h.541-4
13. Zaman V. Nematoda. Dalam: Anwar C, Mursal Y, penyunting. Atlas
parasitologi kedokteran. Jakarta: Hipokrates; 1997. h.174-233
55
Universitas Sumatera Utara
14. Soedarmo SSP, Garna H, Hadinegoro SRS, Satari HI, penyunting.
Askariasis (infeksi cacing gelang). Jakarta: BP IDAI; 2008. h.371-5
15. Soedarmo SSP, Garna H, Hadinegoro SRS, Satari HI, penyunting.
Trichuriasis (infeksi cacaing cambuk). Jakarta: BP IDAI; 2008. h.376-9
16. Hotez PJ, Silva N, Brooker S, Bethony J. Soil transmitted helminth
infection: the nature, causes and burden of the condition. Working Paper
No 3, Disease Control Priorities Project. Maryland: Fogarty international
center, Nasional Institutes of Health; 2003
17. Dent AE, Kazura JW. Ascariasis (Ascaris Lumbricoides). Dalam: Kliegman
RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, penyunting. Nelson textbook
of pediatrics. Edisi ke-18. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. h.1495-6
18. Soedarmo SSP, Garna H, Hadinegoro SRS, Satari HI, penyunting.
Ankilostomiasis (infeksi cacing tambang). Jakarta: BP IDAI; 2008. h.380-4
19. Hotez PJ, Brooker S, Bethony JM, Bottazzi ME, Loukas A, Xiao S.
Hookworm infection. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351:799-807
20. Brown M. Intestinal helminths. Medicine. 2005; 33:54-7
21. Ali AR. Penyakit cacing pada anak SD di Polewali Mandar tahun 20062007. Diunduh dari: http://www.arali2008.wordpress.com. Juni 2010
22. Institute for International Cooperation In Animal Biologics. Trichuriasis.
Iowa: Iowa State University; 2005. h.1-4
23. Dent AE, Kazura JW. Trichuriasis (Trichuris trichiura). Dalam: Kliegman
RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, penyunting. Nelson textbook
of pediatrics. Edisi ke-18. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. h.1499-500
24. Hotez PJ. Hookworm (Necator Americanus and Ancylostoma spp).
Dalam: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, penyunting.
Nelson textbook of pediatrics. Edisi ke-18. Philadelphia: Sauders; 2007.
h.1496-9
25. Purnomo, Gunawan J, Magdalena, Ayda, Harijani. Nematoda usus.
Dalam: Atlas helmintologi kedokteran. Jakarta: Gramedia;1992. h.2-33
26. Santos FLN, Cerqueira EJL, Soares NM. Comparison of the thick smear
and Kato-Katz techniques for diagnosis of intestinal helminth infections.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical. 2005; 38:196-8
27. Pasaribu S. Penentuan frekuensi optimal pengobatan massal askariasis
dengan albendazole pada anak usia sekolah: Pendekatan model
dinamika populasi cacing (disertasi). Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.
2004. h.35-46
28. Chiodini Pl, Engbaek K, Heuck CC, Houang L, Mahajan RC, Melvin MA,
dkk. Dalam: Basic laboratory methods in medical parasitology. Geneva:
WHO; 1991. h.1-31
29. Montresor A, Crompton DWT, Hall A, Bundy DAP, Savioli L. Dalam:
Guidelines for the evaluation of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and
schistosomiasis at community level. Geneva: WHO; 1998. h.3-49
30. Albonico M, Ivo de ceneri F. Treatment of soil-transmitted helminth
infection: prescribing information for disease control. Dalam: Crompton
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DWT, Montresor A, Nesheim MC, Savioli L, penyunting. Controlling
disease due to helminth infections. Geneva: WHO; 2003. h.109-126
31. Mutschler E. Obat nematoda. Dalam: Padmawinata K, penyunting.
Dinamika obat. Edisi ke-5. Bandung: ITB; 1991. h.682-5
32. Madiyono B, Moeslichan S, Sastroasmoro S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH.
Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam: Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, penyunting.
Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Jakarta: Sagung Seto; 2008.
h.302-30
33. Adeoye GO, Oteniya O, Onyemekeihia O. Epidemiological studies of
helminthes and malaria among children in Lagos, Nigeria. Pakistan
Journal og Biological Sciences. 2007; 10: 2208-12
34. Dickson R, Awasthi S, Williamson P, Demellweek C, Garner P. Effects of
treatment for intestinal helminth infection on growth and cognitive
performance in children: systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ.
2000;320:1697-701
35. Ekpo UF, Odoemene SN, Mafiana CF, Sam-Wobo SO. Helminthiasis and
hygiene conditions of school in Ikene, Ogun State, Nigeria. Plos Negl Trop
Dis. 2008; 2:1-6
36. Awasthi S, Bundy DAP, Savioli L. Helminthic infections. BMJ. 2003;
327:431-3
37. Flohr C, Tuyen LN, Lewis S, Minh TT, Campbell J, Briton J, et al. Low
efficacy of mebendazole against hookworm in Vietnam: two randomized
controlled trials. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2007; 76:732-6
38. The partnership for child development. Cost of school-based drug
treatment in Tanzania. Health Policy and Planning. 1998; 13:384-96
39. Albonico M, Allen H, Chitsulo L, Engels D, Gabrielli AF, Savioli L.
Controlling soil-transmitted helminthiasis in pre-school-age children
through preventive chemotherapy. PloS Negl Trop Dis. 2008; 2:1-11
40. Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, et al.
Soil-transmitted
helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and
hookworm. Lancet. 2006; 367:1521-32
41. Working group on soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Monitoring anthelmintic
efficacy for soil transmitted helminths (STH). 2008
42. Nontasut P, Waikagul J, Yamput S, Muennoo C. Efficacy of multiple dose
mebendazole against trichuriasis in Thai and Karen patients. Southeast
Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2000; 31:460-2
43. Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA. Oral drug
therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases, a systematic review.
JAMA. 2007; 298:1911-24
44. Lubis CP. Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda mebendazole 500 dengan
oxantel pirantel pamoate pada infestasi tunggal thichuris trichiura. USU
2004.
Diunduh
dari
:
http://library.usu.ac.id/download/fk/anakchairuddin12.pdf. Agustus 2009
57
Universitas Sumatera Utara
45. Dalimunthe W, Siregar C, Lubis M, Pasaribu S, Lubis CP. Treatment of
intestinal helminthiasis: mebendazole only or mebendazole-pyrantel
pamoate?. Paediatrica Indonesiana. 2007; 47:216-20
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Margono SS, Abidin SAN. Nematoda usus. Dalam: Gandahusada S,
Ilahude HH, Pribadi W, penyunting. Helmintologi. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: BP
FKUI; 2003. h.1-34
2. Montresor A, Crompton DWT, Gyorkos TW, Savioli L. Dalam: Helminth
control in school-age children. Geneva: WHO; 2002. h.1-24
3. Keiser J, Utzinger J. Efficacy of current drugs against soil-transmitted
helminth infections, systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;
299:1937-48
4. Mardiana, Djarismawati. Prevalensi cacing usus pada murid sekolah
dasar wajib belajar pelayanan gerakan terpadu pengentasan kemiskinan
daerah kumuh di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan. 2008;
7:769-74
5. Firmansyah I, Ginting SA, Lubis M, Lubis IZ, Pasaribu S, Lubis CP. Factor
associated with the transmission of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among
schoolchildren. Pediatrica Indonesia. 2004; 44:127-32
6. Ezeamama AE, Fridman JF, Acosta LP, Bellinger DC, Langdon GC,
Manalo DL, dkk. Helminth infection and cognitive impairment among
Filipino children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;72:540-8
7. Abidin SAN, Hadidjaja P. The effet of soil-transmitted helminth infection on
the cognitive function of school children. Dalam: Crompton DWT,
Montresor A, Nesheim MC, Savioli L, penyunting. Controlling disease due
to helminth infections. Geneva: WHO; 2003. h.67-71
8. Albonico M, Bickle Q, Ramsan M, Montresor A, Savioli L, Taylor M.
Efficacy of mebendazole and levamisole alone or in combination againts
intestinal nematode infections after repeated targeted mebendazole
treatment in Zanzibar. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2003;
81:343-52
9. Albonico M, Bickle Q, Haji HJ, Ramsan M, Khatib KJ, Montresor A, et al.
Evaluation of the efficacy of pyrantel-oxantel for the treatment of soiltransmitted nematode infections. Transactions of the Royal Society of
Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2002; 96:685-90
10. Schistosomiasis and Intestital Parasites Unit Division of Control of
Tropical Diseases. Report of the WHO informal consultation on the use of
chemotherapy for the control of morbidity due to soil-transmitted
nematodes in human. Geneva: WHO; 1996. h.12-22
11. Sukarban S, Santoso SO. Kemoterapi parasit. Dalam: Ganiswara SG,
Setiabudy R, Suyatna FD, Purwantyastuti, penyunting. Farmakologi dan
terapi. Edisi ke-4. Jakarta: Gaya Baru; 1995. h.523-7
12. Syarif A, Elysabeth. Antelmintik. Dalam: Gunawan SG, Setiabudy R,
Nafrialdi, Elysabeth, penyunting. Farmakologi dan terapi. Edisi ke-5.
Jakarta: Gaya Baru; 2007. h.541-4
13. Zaman V. Nematoda. Dalam: Anwar C, Mursal Y, penyunting. Atlas
parasitologi kedokteran. Jakarta: Hipokrates; 1997. h.174-233
55
Universitas Sumatera Utara
14. Soedarmo SSP, Garna H, Hadinegoro SRS, Satari HI, penyunting.
Askariasis (infeksi cacing gelang). Jakarta: BP IDAI; 2008. h.371-5
15. Soedarmo SSP, Garna H, Hadinegoro SRS, Satari HI, penyunting.
Trichuriasis (infeksi cacaing cambuk). Jakarta: BP IDAI; 2008. h.376-9
16. Hotez PJ, Silva N, Brooker S, Bethony J. Soil transmitted helminth
infection: the nature, causes and burden of the condition. Working Paper
No 3, Disease Control Priorities Project. Maryland: Fogarty international
center, Nasional Institutes of Health; 2003
17. Dent AE, Kazura JW. Ascariasis (Ascaris Lumbricoides). Dalam: Kliegman
RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, penyunting. Nelson textbook
of pediatrics. Edisi ke-18. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. h.1495-6
18. Soedarmo SSP, Garna H, Hadinegoro SRS, Satari HI, penyunting.
Ankilostomiasis (infeksi cacing tambang). Jakarta: BP IDAI; 2008. h.380-4
19. Hotez PJ, Brooker S, Bethony JM, Bottazzi ME, Loukas A, Xiao S.
Hookworm infection. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351:799-807
20. Brown M. Intestinal helminths. Medicine. 2005; 33:54-7
21. Ali AR. Penyakit cacing pada anak SD di Polewali Mandar tahun 20062007. Diunduh dari: http://www.arali2008.wordpress.com. Juni 2010
22. Institute for International Cooperation In Animal Biologics. Trichuriasis.
Iowa: Iowa State University; 2005. h.1-4
23. Dent AE, Kazura JW. Trichuriasis (Trichuris trichiura). Dalam: Kliegman
RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, penyunting. Nelson textbook
of pediatrics. Edisi ke-18. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. h.1499-500
24. Hotez PJ. Hookworm (Necator Americanus and Ancylostoma spp).
Dalam: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, penyunting.
Nelson textbook of pediatrics. Edisi ke-18. Philadelphia: Sauders; 2007.
h.1496-9
25. Purnomo, Gunawan J, Magdalena, Ayda, Harijani. Nematoda usus.
Dalam: Atlas helmintologi kedokteran. Jakarta: Gramedia;1992. h.2-33
26. Santos FLN, Cerqueira EJL, Soares NM. Comparison of the thick smear
and Kato-Katz techniques for diagnosis of intestinal helminth infections.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical. 2005; 38:196-8
27. Pasaribu S. Penentuan frekuensi optimal pengobatan massal askariasis
dengan albendazole pada anak usia sekolah: Pendekatan model
dinamika populasi cacing (disertasi). Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.
2004. h.35-46
28. Chiodini Pl, Engbaek K, Heuck CC, Houang L, Mahajan RC, Melvin MA,
dkk. Dalam: Basic laboratory methods in medical parasitology. Geneva:
WHO; 1991. h.1-31
29. Montresor A, Crompton DWT, Hall A, Bundy DAP, Savioli L. Dalam:
Guidelines for the evaluation of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and
schistosomiasis at community level. Geneva: WHO; 1998. h.3-49
30. Albonico M, Ivo de ceneri F. Treatment of soil-transmitted helminth
infection: prescribing information for disease control. Dalam: Crompton
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DWT, Montresor A, Nesheim MC, Savioli L, penyunting. Controlling
disease due to helminth infections. Geneva: WHO; 2003. h.109-126
31. Mutschler E. Obat nematoda. Dalam: Padmawinata K, penyunting.
Dinamika obat. Edisi ke-5. Bandung: ITB; 1991. h.682-5
32. Madiyono B, Moeslichan S, Sastroasmoro S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH.
Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam: Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, penyunting.
Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Jakarta: Sagung Seto; 2008.
h.302-30
33. Adeoye GO, Oteniya O, Onyemekeihia O. Epidemiological studies of
helminthes and malaria among children in Lagos, Nigeria. Pakistan
Journal og Biological Sciences. 2007; 10: 2208-12
34. Dickson R, Awasthi S, Williamson P, Demellweek C, Garner P. Effects of
treatment for intestinal helminth infection on growth and cognitive
performance in children: systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ.
2000;320:1697-701
35. Ekpo UF, Odoemene SN, Mafiana CF, Sam-Wobo SO. Helminthiasis and
hygiene conditions of school in Ikene, Ogun State, Nigeria. Plos Negl Trop
Dis. 2008; 2:1-6
36. Awasthi S, Bundy DAP, Savioli L. Helminthic infections. BMJ. 2003;
327:431-3
37. Flohr C, Tuyen LN, Lewis S, Minh TT, Campbell J, Briton J, et al. Low
efficacy of mebendazole against hookworm in Vietnam: two randomized
controlled trials. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2007; 76:732-6
38. The partnership for child development. Cost of school-based drug
treatment in Tanzania. Health Policy and Planning. 1998; 13:384-96
39. Albonico M, Allen H, Chitsulo L, Engels D, Gabrielli AF, Savioli L.
Controlling soil-transmitted helminthiasis in pre-school-age children
through preventive chemotherapy. PloS Negl Trop Dis. 2008; 2:1-11
40. Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, et al.
Soil-transmitted
helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and
hookworm. Lancet. 2006; 367:1521-32
41. Working group on soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Monitoring anthelmintic
efficacy for soil transmitted helminths (STH). 2008
42. Nontasut P, Waikagul J, Yamput S, Muennoo C. Efficacy of multiple dose
mebendazole against trichuriasis in Thai and Karen patients. Southeast
Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2000; 31:460-2
43. Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA. Oral drug
therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases, a systematic review.
JAMA. 2007; 298:1911-24
44. Lubis CP. Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda mebendazole 500 dengan
oxantel pirantel pamoate pada infestasi tunggal thichuris trichiura. USU
2004.
Diunduh
dari
:
http://library.usu.ac.id/download/fk/anakchairuddin12.pdf. Agustus 2009
57
Universitas Sumatera Utara
45. Dalimunthe W, Siregar C, Lubis M, Pasaribu S, Lubis CP. Treatment of
intestinal helminthiasis: mebendazole only or mebendazole-pyrantel
pamoate?. Paediatrica Indonesiana. 2007; 47:216-20
Universitas Sumatera Utara